experimental methods

Question 1

What is an independent variable

Answer 1

The variable that you change

Question 2

What is a dependant variable

Answer 2

The variable you measure

Question 3

What’s a directional hypothesis

Answer 3

A hypothesis that is a specific effect on the dependant variable

Question 4

What’s a non directional hypothesis

Answer 4

A general hypothesis about the dependant variable

Question 5

What does operationaliseing a variable mean

Answer 5

Clearly stating how to measure the independent variable or dependant variable

Question 6

What is an extraineous variable

Answer 6

A variable that effects the result of the dependant variable

Question 7

What are the two types of extraineous variable

Answer 7

Participent variables
Situational variables

Question 8

What is an example of a participant variable

Answer 8

The participent having better eyesight for example
Participant level of confidence

Question 9

What is an example of a situational variable

Answer 9

The lighting in the room
Displays in the room
Time of day

Question 10

What are demand characteristics

Answer 10

The participant picks up on cues and figures out what the test is about ,so change their behaviour to either perform to the expectation ‘please you effect’ or underperform to the expectation ‘screw you effect’

Question 11

What is the investigator effect

Answer 11

When the investigator changes their characteristics depending on participants

Question 12

What are some examples of the investigator effect

Answer 12

Tone of voice
Body language

Question 13

What do you do to keep the experiments the exact same

Answer 13

Standardisation

Question 14

How can you make tests fair when picking participants

Answer 14

Randomisation

Question 15

What are the three ways to carry out an experiment

Answer 15

Matched pairs
Individual groups
Repeated measures

Question 16

How do you carry out inderpendant groups

Answer 16

Allocate the participents into groups of expertimental group and control group
+no order effect
- risk perticipent variables

Question 17

How do you carry out repeated measures

Answer 17

Put participants in a controlled group and experimental group and make them carry out both test
+less likely to make participent variables
-order effects will occur

Question 18

How do you carry out matched pairs

Answer 18

Do a pre assessment and match participants depending on results then place them into experimental and control groups
+ stops confounding variables
- time consuming and expensive

Question 19

What’s a confounding variables

Answer 19

Any variable that effects the dependant variable that we don’t know the source of

Question 20

What is order effect

Answer 20

When the order you carry out experiments effects the results
E.g carrying out an experiment in a morning and in an afternoon as alertness levels differ

Question 21

How can you get rid of the order effect

Answer 21

By using counterbalancing

Question 22

What is counterbalancing

Answer 22

Splitting the experimental group and control group into two more groups (1/4 them) so test one control and one experimental group in the morning and then one control and one experimental in the afternoon