Explanation For Inpulse Cintrol

Question 1

Describe Bio explanation; Anticipation

Answer 1

More recently, researchers have noted that animals seem to experience a high level of dopamine activity before they perform behaviours that have previously been rewarded.
At this stage, the rat is showing signs of classical conditioning; just seeing the lever (conditioned stimulus) is enough to get the rat to experience a ‘high’ (conditioned response). This is due to the association that has formed between the sight of the lever and the electrical stimulation of the septal region and nucleus accumbens (the unconditioned stimulus). Biologically, this subjective feeling of euphoria (intense pleasure) is caused by the release of high levels of dopamine.

Question 2

Describe Bio explanation, Early dopamine research

Answer 2

Olds and Milner (1954) placed rats into a Skinner box (see page 87) where they had access to a lever. If the rat pressed the lever, the researcher would electrically stimulate different brain regions to see how this affected the rat’s behaviour. The septal region and the nucleus accumbens each have a high concentration of dopamine receptors and when these regions were stimulated the rats pressed the lever up to 2000 times an hour. The researchers concluded that these regions are important reward centres as stimulation clearly caused the rats to experience a rush of pleasure (‘high’) that was irresistible. This is an example of operant conditioning, where the consequences of a behaviour determine whether it is repeated. Further studies showed that the rats even tolerated painful shocks in order to get to the lever (Olds,1956)

Question 3

Eval of Biochemical Explantion

Answer 3

It’s supported by research evidence.
A1 allele carried to people with gambling disorder(Commings)
Important in understanding of gambling disorder

Question 4

Bio explanations: Determinism vs free will

Answer 4

Bio explanations tend to overlook the role of free will.Altgough implses are reported as uncontrollable with the right support people with this disorder can take control of their lives. Explanation that focus too much on genes have more of a pessimistic view and could be damaging.

Question 5

Behavioural explanation: positive reinforcement

Answer 5

Operant conditioning: rewarded behaviour are likely to be repeated.
Contionous reinforcement
Partial reinforcement
Variable ratio

Question 6

Eval of behavioural

Answer 6

Fails to acknowledge the role of negative reinforcement.
Impulse control characterised: build up of tension and anxiety which is relived when commuting a compulsion.
The relief of the negative feeling is negatively reinforcing. This is key to understanding the habit

Question 7

Eval of behavioural but strength

Answer 7

The focus on nurture explain finding can’t be easily explained by nature alone.Sime people without the specific allele can develop this disorder

Question 8

Eval of behavioural but strength

Answer 8

The focus on nurture explain finding can’t be easily explained by nature alone.Sime people with the specific allele can develop this disorderan the variant only increase sime risk.

Question 9

Cognitive explanation

Answer 9

Feeling state theory,when we feel a certain way we retrieve memories from the last time we felt the same way.Addictive memory. When someone feels anxious they retrieve memories of when they were last anxious when they then started a fire- feeling state
Context / situation may trigger thsi

Question 10

Eval of The feeling state theory(Impulse control)