explanations for resistance to social influence Flashcards
How does LOC affect resistance it obedience? (2)
Holland said that there was no link between obedience and LOC
Blass re-analysed the data and found those with a high internal LOC were less obedient than those with a low external LOC
How does social support affect resistance to obedience? (3)
Presence of decentor decreases possibility of obedience
Milgram repeated his experiment with an extra confederate as co-teacher and only 10% went up to 450 volts
Mullen et Al = field experiment where if RPS found a confederate to be disobedient by breaking the law then they would too
What other factors affect obedience? (3)
Personality
Systematic processing
Morality
How does personality affect resistance to obedience? (2)
Empathetic individuals are less likely to obey orders with destructive consequences
Olinar and Olinar found that after interviewing 406 people who hid Jews during WW2 were brought up in homes that encouraged helping others
How does systematic processing affect resistance to obedience? (3)
People are less likely to obey order that have consequences
Martin found that RPS were giver time to reflect on the orders they were less likely to obey them if they unreasonable
Taylor et Al found disobedience was higher when people are asked to question the authority
How does morality affect resistance to obedience? (2)
Individuals who make morale decisions on the bases of personal morale code are less likely to obey
Milgram had a priest who did not obey due to his beliefs.
How does LOC affect resistance to conformity? (3)
If you have a high internal LOC than you believe you have a genuine control, fate has nothing to do with it
Moghaddam = Japanese people have a high external LOC whilst American people have a high internal LOC
Avitgis = metanalysis of different LOC studies found those with a low external and high internal LOC are less persuaded by others
How does social support from others affect resistance to conformity? (3)
Other decentors mean reduced conformity as it means one person isn’t breaking the consequence of the group
Asch = if one confederate gave a different answer to the others the conformity rate among the others fell from 32% to 5.5% (among the real RPS)
Allen and Levine = a task with visual judgments conformity always fell with the decentor even when they admitted to having a sight problem
What other factors affect the resistance to conformity? (3)
Status
Ironic deverance
Reactance
How does ironic deverance affect resistance to conformity? (2)
If someone doubts the source then they’re less likely to conform
Conrway and Schaur = office workers conform using software if others use it too but are less likely to use it if they thought the employee was useless
How does reactance affect resistance to conformity? (2)
If the individual feels they have no choice they may respond with rebellious angry
Hamilington = studies Australian youths and found those who had been forbidden from using drugs were more likely to to use them than those who had been informed about the health issues.
How does status affect resistance to conformity? (6)
People of a lower status are more likely to conform as a way of gaining status in the group
Richardson - presence of new comers
1) Aim = to test the impact of new comers and how status affects conformity
2) Method = 84 male and female students are assigned to same sex groups of 3 with each group having 2 confederates they then introduced each other (the confederates went last and one was of high status and the other was of lower status) then they had to make group decisions about two stock companies and two confederates always choose the weaker option.
3) Findings = conformity was less likely to occur when confederates were seen to have a lower status
4) Conclusion = people use competence based dues to give status to others and determines levels of conformity
5) Evalutation = unethical due to decpetion and explains why a large control of air traffic accidents happen
