Exploration and Exploition

Question 1

What is exploitation?

Answer 1

The action or fact of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work.

Question 2

Motivations for the European exploration

Answer 2

Spices (cloves, cinnamon, and pepper)

Question 3

Enabled the Europeans to explore

Answer 3

Cartographers: expert map makers
Astrolabe device: calculated latitude
The Caravel: A Global Invention

Question 4

Christopher Columbus

Answer 4

Portugal Not Interested: Already powerful & influential

Spanish Fund Expedition: King & Queen Ferdinand and Isabella hope to boost Spain’s prestige

Question 5

Treaty of Torsedillas

Answer 5

Conflict over the Continents

Spain & Portugal contest each others’ claims to the New World 1494 The Pope: Arbiter of International Disputes

Answer 6

In 1522, Ferdinand Magellan completed a historic voyage: for the first time in human history, a crew circumnavigated the globe

Question 7

Mughal Empire

Answer 7

Muslim rulers in Northern & Central India, was an early-modern empire in South Asia

Question 8

Dutch vs Portugese

Answer 8

Dutch East India Company enjoyed advantage in autonomy, authority to wage war. By 1600, Dutch overtook Portuguese in Asia.

Question 9

Indian Agency & European Power

Answer 9

The Mighty Mughal Empire: Spices, Textiles, & Power

Europeans could not seize control. The Fall of the Mughal Empire in India, c. early 1700s

Question 10

History of Chocolate

Answer 10

Staple of Mayan Diet, Aztecs reserved cocoa drinks for special occasions, Used beans as currency, Europe’s Sweet Tooth

Question 11

Portugal problems

Answer 11

Portuguese Conquest of Brazil, Brazilwood, plantation-style economy, & African slavery

Question 12

Pirates

Answer 12

Merchants, Privateers, Killers, & Slave Traders

Answer 13

Europeans tended to view the rest of the world’s inhabitants as inferiors, they respected the Chinese for their technological & political similarities and advancements

Question 14

Triangular Trade

Answer 14

3 Distinct Points

Finished goods from Europe to Africa, African slaves to the New World, Raw goods to Europe

Question 15

Dangers of Slave Ships

Answer 15

Cramped & Unhygienic Hundreds of slaves forced below deck, lived within inches or a few feet of others for months on end
Violence & Terror
Slavers exercised brutal control over slaves to avoid rebellion

Question 16

Columbian Exchange

Answer 16

was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the Americas, West Africa, and the Old World