explorers

Question 1

what is the formation time of calculus?

Answer 1

10 - 20 days

Question 2

what do heavy calculus formers have?

Answer 2

higher salivary concentrations of calcium and phosphate

Question 3

what do light calculus formers have?

Answer 3

higher levels of pyrophosphate (known inhibitor of calcification)

Question 4

green stain

Answer 4

bacteria and fungi from poor oral hygiene, should not scale

Question 5

black stain

Answer 5

iron in saliva or any type of iron products used in the mouth, should be scaled

Question 6

black line stain

Answer 6

thin band slightly coronal to the gingival associated with iron, scale and polish

Question 7

orange stain

Answer 7

bacteria from poor oral hygiene, scale and polish

Question 8

brown stain

Answer 8

tobacco, scale and polish

Question 9

gray/brown-green stain

Answer 9

marijuana, scale and polish

Question 10

yellow stain

Answer 10

oral biofilm

Question 11

blue green stain

Answer 11

mercury and lead dust, scale and polish

Question 12

red black stain

Answer 12

chewing betel nut, betel leaf, scale and polish

Question 13

what is tactile sensitivity

Answer 13

sensation that passes through the instrumentation to the fingers and hand to the brain for registration and action

Question 14

function shank

Answer 14

first bend in the shank up to the working end

Question 15

lower or terminal shank

Answer 15

needs to be parallel to the long axis of the tooth

Question 16

working end

Answer 16

usually 1-2mm needs to be flush with the root or tooth surface

Question 17

oblique #5 explorer and limitations

Answer 17

used to detect calculus in deep anterior pockets or b and l, due to straight terminal shank it is more difficult to adapt to the posterior teeth

Question 18

cowhorn or pigtail explorer and limitations

Answer 18

interproximal caries detection, calc detection, idea with in smaller pockets, caries detection, it has a short and broadly curved terminal shank so it is not suitable for deep pockets

Question 19

odu 11/12 explorer

Answer 19

most effective design, interproximal decalcification detection, best for deep pockets

Question 20

shepherds hook explorer and limitations

Answer 20

margins of restorations, light pressure occlusal caries, most rigid shank decreasing tactile sensitivity

Question 21

what are the different types of strokes

Answer 21

vertical, horizontal, oblique, circumferential