export_nas final Flashcards
(50 cards)
What was the motto of Richard Henry Pratt for Indian Boarding Schools?
Kill the Indian, Save the Man
How did President Roosevelt describe the process of the allotment act?
A mighty pulverizing engine to break up the tribal mass
What did Justice Hugo Black say about good faith and fair dealing in keeping treaties with indigenous nations?
Great nations, like great men, should keep their word
What does the US Constitution proclaim in regards to treaties, treaty law, including those made with indigenous nations?
Shall be the Supreme Law of the Land
What did the OU press tell Angie Debo that she violated by telling the truth?
She violated history with her book
Richard Oaks
A Mohawk Native American activist who promoted the fundamental idea that Native peoples have a right to sovereignty, justice, respect, and control over their own destinies. His legacy reflects the struggles of Native peoples and all people to maintain their land, identity and life ways. Played an integral part in creating one of the first NAS departments in the nation (SFSU
Lonewolf
A Kiowa warrior, efforts to avoid the forced allotment of his reservation in the courts of the conquerer (Lonewolf vs. Hitchcock), relied on the Medicine Lodge Treaty–he led a group of Indians in filing suit in 1901 to block the illegal allotment and sale of their reservation
Dennis Banks
American Indian activist, Anishinaabe tribe, co-founder of AIM in 1968 establishing it to protect the traditional ways of Indian people and to engage in legal cases protecting treaty rights of Natives–such as hunting and fishing, trapping, wildriceing. Leader, teacher, lecturer, activist, and author
Russell Means
Member of the American Oglala Sioux tribe and longtime Native American activist. Known for leading an armed takeover of wounded knee, South Dakota, in 1973 ad for appearing in films. In 2007 he helped draft a proposal to create a new nation for the Lakota tribe. Co-founder of AIM.
Native American Studies
The body of scholarship on Indians that has emerged in the fields of history, anthropology, and literature…provides the basis for critical analysis of what constitutes that perspective, and increasingly sophisticated methods of studying it. The interweaving of history and anthropology gives deeper insights into motives and causality in cross-cultural encounters
Indigenous
The communities, clans, nations, and tribes that we call Indigenous peoples are just that: Indigenous to the lands they inhalant, in contrast to and in contention with the colonial societies and states that have spread out from Europe and other centers of empire (originating or occurring naturally in a particular place)
Decolonization
The process by which colonized populations, in many cases indigenous populations, begin to reassert their sovereignty and autonomy over their cultures and territories. Though the adverse effects of colonization are impossible to completely undo, ignore, or forget, the act of decolonization is often viewed as a positive expression of self-determination among Native Americans. The reemergence of Native languages, the prominence and success of casino gaming, and the development of NAS programs may all be interpreted as examples of decolonization
Cahokia
Built in present day Illinois, the great mounds at Cahokia are some of the most spectacular examples of early engineering and social sophistication yet remaining on the North American continent. At the high point of its development, Cahokia was the largest urban center North of the great stone Mesoamerican cities of Mexico. Population between 8,000 and 40,000 at its peak. 1250, population was larger than London
Allotment
A piece of land deeded by the government as part of the division of tribally held land
Sovereignty
The right to independent and unquestionable authority over a geographic area. Accordingly, tribal sovereignty refers to the inherent authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of another nation
Self-determination
The occupation of Alcatraz is considered an extension of the concept of self-determination, which became a Native American ideology after termination. No longer were Native people going to let the federal government influence their lives and cultures. Native peoples were going to exercise their sovereign right to determine their own fate
Treaty
Seen as the easiest and most practical way to conduct land transactions or settlement agreements between Europeans and Indians. Treaty was heavily relied upon to avoid bloodshed
Trust Relationship
The tribal sense of trust holds that once a treaty or agreement has been approved, the rights or lands guarantee last in perpetuity or until such time as the two parties mutually agree to change the agreement condition
Plenary Power
Under the US system of law, a power that has been granted to Congress in absolute terms, with no review of, or limitations upon, the exercise of the power. While there certainly are sections of the constitution where this power is legitimized, in many instances it has been misappropriated
Supremacy Clause
Establishes the US Constitution, federal statutes, and treaties as the Supreme law of the land. It provides that these are the highest form of law in the US legal system, and mandates that all state judges must follow federal law when a conflict arises between federal law and either a state constitution or state law of any state
Battle vs. Massacre
A massacre would be a slaughter of a mass amount of people indiscriminately, which means usually at random not for any particular reason. A battle would be more noble and usually between two opposing opponents rather than a killing spree
Wounded Knee Massacre
The US 7th Cavalry regiment commanded by Major Whiteside intercepted Bigfoot’s band of Minniconjou Lakota and 38 Hunkpapa Lakota. The troops went into the camp to disarm the Lakota which resulted in the 7th Cavalry opening fire indiscriminately from all sides. More than 300 people were killed
Sand Creek Massacre
More than 100 Southern Cheyenne were killed by forces led by Col. JM Chivington, prompting increased hostilities in the region
Indian Removal Act (1830)
Indian populations must agree to be removed, as Jackson called removal policy “voluntary.” This only meant Native American Nations had to sign removal treaties or be forcefully escorted from their ancestral homelands
