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EXSC 223 Chapter 23 and 24 > EXSC 223L Practicum > Flashcards

EXSC 223L Practicum Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Psoas Major

A

Origin: Transverse processes and bodies of L01-L05, intervertebral fibrocartilage of T12-L05

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: Flexes the thigh, flexes the trunk (when femur is fixed)

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2
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin: Iliac fossa

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur, tendon of the psoas major

Action: Flexes the thigh, flexes the trunk when the femur is fixed

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3
Q

Gluteus Maximusv

A

Origin: Posterior gluteal lines of the ilium, fascia of covering the gluteus medius

Insertion: IT band and gluteal tuberosity

Action: Abducts, extends, and laterally rotates the hip

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4
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium, gluteal aponeurosis

Insertion: Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Action: Abducts the thigh, stabilizes the hip, internally and externally rotates the thigh

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5
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium

Insertion: Anterior surface of the greater trochanter

Action: Abducts the thigh, stabilizes the hip, internally and externally rotates the thigh

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6
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae

A

Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Crest

Insertion: IT band (crosses hip and knee joints)

Action: Tenses the fascia lata, abducts and internally rotates the thigh, stabilizes the hip and knee joints

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7
Q

Psoas Minor

A

Origin: Sides of the bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L01

Insertion: Iliac fascia

Action: Flexes the trunk

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8
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

Origin: External border of the ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest

Action: Externally rotates and adducts the hip

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9
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: Front of the sacrum between S01 and S04

Insertion: Upper border of the greater trochanter

Action: Externally rotates, abducts, extends, and stabilizes the hip

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10
Q

Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine, groove superior to the acetabulum

Insertion: Common tendon of the quadriceps inserting on the tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee, flexes the hip

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11
Q

Vastus Lateralis (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: greater trochanter, linea aspera

Insertion: Patella via the quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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12
Q

Vastus Medialis (Quadriceps

A

Origin: Intertrochanteric line, lines aspera

Insertion: Patella via the quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity

Action: extends the leg at the knee joint

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13
Q

Vastus Intermedius (Quadriceps)

A

Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur

Insertion: Common quadriceps tendon on the tibial tuberosity

Action: Extends the leg at the knee joint

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14
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia

Action: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint; flexes and medially rotates the leg at the knee joint

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15
Q

Adductors (brevis, longus, Magnus)

A

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera

Action: Adduct and medially rotate the thigh

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16
Q

Biceps Femoris (Long, Short)

A

Long Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Short Origin: Lines aspera

Insertion: Lateral surface of the head of the fibula

Action: flexes the leg at the knee, laterally rotates the tibia; long head extends the hip

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17
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of the tibia

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee joint, medially rotates the leg

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18
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia

Action: Flexes the leg at the knee joint, medially rotates the leg

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19
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral tibia

Insertion: Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

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20
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Origin: Lateral condyle of the tibia, anterior fibular shaft, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Action: Extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexes the foot

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21
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Origin: Anterior surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of hallux

Action: Extends hallux, inverts and dorsiflexes the foot

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22
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Posterior surface of the medial and lateral femoral condyles

Insertion: Calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Plantarflexes the foot, flexes the leg at the knee

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23
Q

Soleus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of the head and fibular shaft, posterior tibia

Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Plantarflexes the foot

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24
Q

Plantaris

A

Origin: Above the lateral head of the gastrocnemius on the lower supracondylar ridge

Insertion: Calcaneus along with the Achilles’ tendon

Action: Flexes the knee and plantarflxes

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25
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur Insertion: Posterior surface of the proximal tibial shaft Action: Unlocks and flexes the knee, medially rotates the tibia
26
Tibialis Posterior
Origin: Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of the tibia, medial surface of the fibula Insertion: Tuberosity on the navicular bone, the cuneiforms, cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4 Action: plantarflexes, inverts, and adducts the foot
27
Flexor Digitorum (Longus, Brevis)
Longus Origin: Posterior surface of the tibia Brevis Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity Longus Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5 Brevis Insertion: lateral surfaces of the middle phalanx of digits 2-5 Longus Action: Flexes the phalanges of distal joints 2-5, inverts and plantarflexes the foot Brevis Action: Flexes digits 2-5
28
Flexor Hallucis (Longus, Brevis)
Longus Origin: Posterior fibula, interosseous membrane Brevis Origin: plantar surface of the lateral cuneiform and cuboid Longus Insertion: Inferior surface of the distal hallux Brevis Insertion: Proximal phalanx of the hallux Action: flexes the hallux (MTP joint); longus also inverts and plantarflexes the foot
29
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Origin: Dorsal and lateral surface of the calcaneus Insertion: Lateral sides of the extensor digitorum longus, tendons to digits 2-4 Action: Extends digits 2-4
30
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Origin: Dorsal portion of the calcaneus Insertion: Dorsal surface of the base of the proximal phalanx of the hallux Action: extends the hallux
31
Pectoralis Major
Origin: anterior surface of the sternal portion of the clavicle, anterior surface of the sternum, cartilages of the true ribs, aponeurosis of the external obliques Insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus Action: Flexes and adducts arm, rotates the arm medially
32
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: Spinous processes of T07-T12 and L01-L05 Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: Medially rotates, adducts, and extends the humerus, aids in labored respiration
33
Deltoid (has 3 heads)
Origin: Lateral clavicles, acromion, scapular spine Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts, flexes, extends, and laterally and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder joint
34
Supraspinatus (rotator cuff)
Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus Action: abducts the arm and stabilizes the shoulder joint
35
Infraspinatus (rotator cuff)
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus Action: Laterally/externally rotates the arm, stabilizes the shoulder joint
36
Teres Minor (rotator cuff)
Origin: Lateral border of the scapula Insertion: Greater tuberosity of the humerus Action: Laterally rotates the humerus, stabilizes the shoulder joint
37
Teres Major
Origin: Inferior angle of the scapula Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: Extension, adduction, medial/internal rotation of the humerus
38
Subscapularis (rotator cuff)
Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus Action: Medially rotates the head of the humerus
39
Biceps Brachii (long and short heads)
Long Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Short Origin: coronoid process of the scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity Action: flexion and supination of the elbow
40
Brachialis
Origin: Anterior distal half of the humerus Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and anterior surface of the coronoid process Action: Flexion of the elbow
41
Brachioradialis
Origin: Ridge superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, lateral intermuscular septum Insertion: Styloid process of the radius Action: flexes the elbow
42
Triceps Brachii (lateral, long, medial heads)
Lateral Origin: posterior surface of the humerus Long Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity Medial Origin: Posterior surface of the humerus below the groove Insertion: Olecranon of the ulna Action: extension of the elbow
43
Pronator Teres
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius Action: flexes the forearm, pronates the forearm
44
Pronator Quadratus
Origin: Distal fourth of the anterior surface of the ulna Insertion: Distal fourth of the anterior surface of the radius Action: pronates the hand
45
Supinator
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and ulna, radial collateral ligaments, annular ligaments Insertion: Dorsal and lateral surfaces of the radius Action: Supinate the hand and forearm
46
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Base of the second and third metacarpals Action: Flexes the hand and abducts the hand, radial abduction/deviation
47
Palmaris Longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retaniculum Action: Flexes the hand
48
Extensor Carpi Radialis (longus and brevis heads)
Longus Origin: Lower third of the supracondylar ridge of the humerus Brevis Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Longus Insertion: dorsal surface of the base of the second metacarpal Brevis Insertion: dorsal base of the third metacarpal Action: extension and abduction of the wrist
49
Extensor Digitorum
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-5 (back of hand) Action: Extension of the wrist, extension and abduction of digits 2-5
50
Occiptofrontalis (Epicranius)
Origin: Occipital bone Insertion: Gala aponeurotica Action: Draws the scalp posteriorly
51
Corrugator Supercilii
Origin: Medial end of the superciliary arch Insertion: Deep surface of the skin above the orbital arch Action: Draws the eyebrows downwards and medially
52
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
Origin: Sphenoid part of the orbit Insertion: Skin of the eyelid Action: Elevates and retracts the eyelid
53
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: Front bone, maxilla, lacrimal bone Insertion: Lateral palpebral raphe Action: closes the eyelid
54
Orbicularis Oris
Origin: Fibers of other facial muscles Insertion: Angles of the mouth Action: closes, protrudes, and presses the lips (against the teeth)
55
Levator Labii Superioris
Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: skin of the upper lip Action: raises the upper lip and moves it forward
56
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Origin: Oblique line of the mandible Insertion: Skin of the lower lip, orbicularis oris Action: Draws the lip inferiorly and laterally
57
Levator Anguli Oris
Origin: Canine fossa of the maxilla Insertion: Angle of the mouth Action: Raises the angles of the mouth
58
Depressor Anguli Oris
Origin: Oblique line of the mandible Insertion: Risorius and orbicularis oris Action: Draws the angles of the mouth down and laterally
59
Buccinator
Origin: Outer surface of the maxilla and mandible Insertion: Orbicularis oris Action: Compresses the cheeks during mastication
60
Risorius
Origin: Fascia over the masseter Insertion: Skin at the angle of the mouth Action: Retract the angle of the mouth
61
Platysma
Origin: Fascia of the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid Insertion: Mandible and subcutaneous tissue of the lower face Action: Depresses the lower jaw
62
Superior Rectus
Origin: Annulus of Zinn Insertion: Superior anterior surface of the eye Action: Adducts, elevates, and internally rotates the eye
63
Inferior Rectus
Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring) Insertion: Inferior anterior surface of the eye Action: Depresses and adducts the eye
64
Medial Rectus
Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring) Insertion: medial anterior surface of the eye Action: Adducts and moves the eye medially
65
Lateral Rectus
Origin: Annulus of Zinn (common tendinous ring) Insertion: Lateral anterior surface of the eye Action: Abducts and moves the eye laterally
66
Superior Oblique
Origin: Sphenoid bone Insertion: Superior lateral part of the eye Action: Medially rotates the eye (intorsion)
67
Inferior Oblique
Origin: Maxillary orbit Insertion: Inferior lateral part of the eye Action: Laterally rotates the eye (extorsion)
68
Deep Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Mandible Action: Raises the mandible against the maxilla
69
Superficial Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla Insertion: Ramus of the mandible Action: Raises the mandible against the maxilla
70
Temporalis
Origin: Temporal fossa and temporal fascia Insertion: Coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible Action: Elevates and retracts the mandible
71
Hyoglossus
Origin: Hyoid bone Insertion: Side of the tongue Action: Depresses the tongue
72
Styloglossus
Origin: Styloid process Insertion: Lateral border of the tongue Action: Draws the sides of the tongue upwards and draws the tongue backwards
73
Tongue
Origin: 4th pharyngeal arch Insertion: None Action: Manipulation of food, swallowing, and speech
74
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Anterior surface of the manubrium and part of the clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process Action: Draws the head towards the shoulder of the same side, rotates the head to the opposite side, flexes the cervical spine, and assists in elevating the thorax
75
Scalenes
Origin: Transverse processes of C5 through C7 Insertion: Outer surface of the 2nd rib Action: Elevates the first and second ribs, moves the spinal column laterally
76
Splenius (cervicis and capitis)
Cervicis Origin: spinous processes of T03-T06 Capitis Origin: Spinous process of C07-T03 Insertion: Mastoid process Action: extends and laterally flexes the neck and spine, rotates the head to the same side
77
Longissimus (dorsi, cervici, capitis) - erector spinae
Origin: Transverse processes of the vertebrae (lumbar, T01-T05, upper 4-5 thoracic vertebrae and articular process of lower 3-4 cervical vertebrae) Insertion: Transverse processes of the all thoracic vertebrae and lower 9-10 ribs, transverse processes of C02-C06, posterior margin of the mastoid Action: Extends and laterally flexes the spine, compresses the ribs, unilaterally bends the head and turns the face to the same side, bilaterally extends the head
78
Spinalis (thoracis and cervicis) - erector spinae
Thoracis Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae T11-L02 Cervicis Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae C07, T01 and T02, ligamentum nuchae Thoracis Insertion: spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae by 4-8 tendons Cervicis Insertion: spinous processes of C02-C05 Action: Extends the spine and head
79
Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis) - erector spinae
Action: Extends the vertebral column, draws the head backwards, unilaterally draws the head to one side and rotates the head to the opposite side
80
Multifidus
Origin: Sacrum, processes of the lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae, the articular processes of C04-C07 Insertion: the spinous process of the vertebrae 2-4 superior to it Action: Stabilizes the vertebrae
81
Rotatores (brevis and longi)
Origin: Transverse process of each thoracic vertebra Insertion: Spinous process of the vertebra 1-2 above the origin Action: Extends and rotates the vertebral column
82
Quadratus Lumborum (QL)
Origin: Iliac crest Insertion: Transverse processes of L01-L04 Action: Depresses the 12th rib, unilaterally raises the pelvis, helps with lateral flexion of the lumbar spine, stabilizes the lumbar spine
83
Rectus Abdominus
Origin: Crest of the pubis Insertion: Xiphoid process and cartilages of ribs 5-7 Action: Flexes the vertebral column, tenses the abdominal wall, and compresses the abdomen
84
External Oblique
Origin: Sternum and ribs 5-12 Insertion: Pubis and iliac crest Action: Bilaterally compresses the abdomen and flexes the spine; unilaterally laterally flexes the trunk and rotates the trunk to the opposite side
85
Internal Oblique
Origin: Inguinal ligament and iliac crest Insertion: Pubis, ribs 9-12, linea alba Action: Bilaterally compresses the abdomen and flexes the spine, unilaterally flexes and rotates the spine to the same side
86
Transverse Abdominis
Origin: Inner lip of the iliac crest, cartilages of the lower 6 ribs, lumbodorsal fascia Insertion: Ends in aponeurosis and part of the pubis Action: Compresses abdomen and tenses the abdominal wall
87
Diaphragm
Origin: Xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs 7-12, anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae, and 3 lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Anterior longitudinal ligament of vertebral column Action: Expands the thoracic cavity and compresses the abdominal cavity
88
External Intercostals
Origin: Lower border of ribs 1-11 Insertion: Upper border of ribs 2-12 Action: Elevates the ribs, aids in normal inspiration
89
Internal Intercostals
Origin: Superior border of ribs 2-12 Insertion: Inferior border of ribs 1-12 Action: Depresses the ribs and aids in forced expiration
90
Pectoralis Minor
Origin: Ribs 3-5 Insertion: Corocoid process of the scapula Action: Elevates the ribs, draws the scapula down and medially
91
Serratus Anterior
Origin: Upper 8-9 ribs Insertion: Medial border of the scapula Action: Protraction and upward rotation of the scapula, holds the scapula close to the thoracic wall
92
Trapezius
Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of T01-T12 Insertion: Lateral part of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula Action: Rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of the scapula; elevates the clavicle, extends the neck, and stabilizes the shoulde
93
Levator Scapulae
Origin: Transverse processes of C01-C04 Insertion: Superior part of the medial border of the scapula Action: Elevates and medially/upwardly rotates the scapula
94
Rhomboid Major
Origin: Spinous processes of T02-T05 Insertion: Medial border of the scapula below the spine Action: Steadies the scapula and moves the inferior angle back/up

EXSC 223 Chapter 23 and 24 (2 decks)

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