Extension

Question 1

What are the three main roles of kidneys

Answer 1

Removal of urea from the blood
Adjustment of ion levels
Adjustment of water content in blood

Question 2

What is ultrafiltration

Answer 2

A high pressure is built up which squeezes water, urea, ions and glucose out of the blood and into the bow mans capsule

Question 3

What do people have when they have kidney problems

Answer 3

Dialysis

Question 4

What happens in menstrual cycle

Answer 4

Day 1: bleeding
Day 4-14: lining builds up and egg released
Day 28: lining break downs

Question 5

What is FSH

Answer 5

Hormone that causes a follicle to mature in the ovaries

Question 6

What is Oestrogen

Answer 6

Causes lining of uterus to thicken and grow

Question 7

What is LH

Answer 7

Stimulates ovulation

Question 8

What is progesterone

Answer 8

Maintains lining in uterus and stops FSH and LH

Question 9

How many pairs in each chromosome

Answer 9

22

Question 10

Who is more likely to get a sex linked gentic disorder

Answer 10

Men

Question 11

What is pasteurisation

Answer 11

Heating something to 70 c and letting it cool to kill germs

Question 12

What is Resazurin dye

Answer 12

Shows how much oxygen is present
Lots of oxygen: blue
No oxygen: white

Question 13

What are B lymphocytes

Answer 13

Antibodies

Question 14

What is called when you fuse a B lymphocyte with a tumour cell

Answer 14

Hybridoma

Question 15

What can monoclonal antibodies be used to treat

Answer 15

Cancer and detect blood clots

Question 16

Where does aspirin come from

Answer 16

Willow trees

Question 17

Where does taxol come from

Answer 17

Pacific yew tree

Question 18

Where does Quinine come from

Answer 18

Cinchona tree

Question 19

Why do some plants flower early

Answer 19

So the get pollenated before other plants

Question 20

Circadian rhythms in animals

Answer 20

Sleep: melatonin is released when dark to make you tired
Urine: ADH decreases at night so less urine

Question 21

Circadian rhythms in plants

Answer 21

Stomata: opens during day

Flower openings: responds to light

Question 22

What does photoperiodic mean

Answer 22

Plants respond to changes in day length

Question 23

What is innate behaviour

Answer 23

Isn’t taught, comes naturally

Question 24

Habituation

Answer 24

An animal will learn not to react to a stimulus

Question 25

Imprinting

Answer 25

Learns to recognise the first moving object as parent

Question 26

Classical conditioning

Answer 26

Learns passively to associate a neutral stimulus to an important one

Question 27

Operant conditioning

Answer 27

An animal learns actively to associate an action with a reward or punishment

Question 28

How do animals communicate with sound

Answer 28

Whales and dolphins communicate over long distances | Birds call for mates

Question 29

How do animals communicate with chemicals (pheromones)

Answer 29

Scents to mark territory | Sexual attractment

Question 30

How do animals use visual signs to communicate

Answer 30

Honey bees dance when they've found food Chimps threaten by raising arms Dogs submit by rolling over

Question 31

What did Tenbergen study

Answer 31

Gulls

Question 32

What did Lorenz study

Answer 32

Geese

Question 33

What did Fossey and Goodall study

Answer 33

Apes

Question 34

What does monogamous mean

Answer 34

Animal stays with same partner for life

Question 35

How do plants attract pollinators

Answer 35

Scented

Question 36

How do plants attract insect predators

Answer 36

Release chemicals

Question 37

How are our closest ancestors

Answer 37

Chimpanzees

Question 38

Describe ardi

Answer 38

4.4 m old Climbed trees Walked upright Same brain as chimpanzees

Question 39

Describe Lucy

Answer 39

3.2 m old Walked and climbed Larger brain Upright

Question 40

How were tools dated

Answer 40

Stratigraphy | Carbon 4 dating

Question 41

What does mitochondrial DNA show

Answer 41

We all came from African Eve