external Flashcards
(21 cards)
what are the 3 external factors
-material dep
-cultural dep
-capitals
what are the 3 cultural dep subsections
1-language
2-parents education/ parenting style
3-wc subculture
Bernstein
restricted and elaborated speech codes
1-restricted- wc, limited vocabulary , short and simple sentences
2- elaborated- mc, exam boards, skl , teachers
so wc struggle at skl bc not have same speech code
Douglas
wc parents place less importance on education, less ambitious for kids
fernstein
parents own education is the most important factor, MC more likely to have gone to uni so have adv when teaching children/ helping w hmwk
Bernstein and young
mc parents , educated, made best ue of income, MC moms more likely to buy toys and books to help w hmwk, kept in contact w teachers or went to clubs
A03 rochdale girls
-parents had no idea what gcses were so girls were underachieving lived in poverty, parents hadn’t gone to uni
sugarman
-wc subcultures have 4 key values that act as barriers to success
-1- fatalism- fate despite how hard work think stay in wc
-2-collectivism- needs of community/ family are more imprtant than individual ambitions
-3- immediate gratification- seek pleasure rather than make sacrifices - need results ASAP
4- present time orientation - see her and now not the future
A03 of cultural dep
-blames victim
-ignore the practical difficulties wc parents face ie. money, less time off, longer working hrs, run 2 jobs so cant go parent evening
-ignores role skls play - skls have an inbuilt advantage for MC students, ie, favour those that have been on trips etc
bourdeui
cultural, economic and educational capital
-all these capitals work together to help gain high achievements
ie. educational- economic = use qualifications to get high paid jobs
economic - educational = pay for a tutor to get better grades
cultural - educational= if go on trips have better knowledge at skl, museums for history
economic- cultural= if have more money can afford to o on trips
sullivan A03
found even when pupils of different classes all had the same amount of cultural capita MC still did best
-says economic capital most important
leech and campos study
found parents with high income could afford houses in catchment areas of good skls
what are the 5 material dep subsections
1- substandard housing
2- diet and health
3- cost of state education
4- private education and financial support
5- fear of debt
howard
poorer homes have a lower intake of vitamins and mineral leading to poor immune systems and high absennse rates/ difficulty concentrating in skl
Wilkinson
studied 10 yo w behaiviour issues found the lower the social class the higher the rates of hyperactivity/ anxiety which act as a barrier to education
tanner
items / transport / uniforms / books / calculators - place heavy burdens on poor families and many kids must make do with hand-me downs and cheap unfashionable equipment
flaherty
20% kids who entitled to FSM dont take them, fear of stigma
-kids from low income families have to work part-time which has a negative impact on skl
- poverty leads to inability to afford tuition or live in affluent areas
sutton trust 2010
private skl students 55x more likely to go to Oxford / Cambridge , 22x more likely to go to a higher ranked uni than those on FSM
Jackson
wc students are more debt adverse , see as something to avoid, impacts decision to go to uni
- wc 5x less likely to apply to uni than mc
ray et al
wc students apply to the nearest uni , feel cant afford travel or accommodation , so less opportunities to attend better uni
ao3 uni applications
- uni fees rose to 9k in 2012band didn’t deter wc students from applying shows fear of debt isn’t an obstacle to underachievement
