External Morphology

Question 1

What are the surfaces of an insect

Answer 1

Dorsum, Venter, Pleuron

Question 2

How many segments did the hypothesized ancestor have?

Answer 2

20

Question 3

What is Tagmosis?

Answer 3

The amalgamation of segments into functional units

Question 4

What tagmata do insects have?

Answer 4

Head, Thorax, Abdomen

Question 5

Have many segments make up to head?

Answer 5

6

Question 6

How many segments make up the Thorax?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

How many segments make up the abdomen?

Answer 7

11

Question 8

What are the three sclerites of the Thorax?

Answer 8

Notum (dorsal), Pleuron (Lateral), Sternum (Ventral)

Question 9

What are the sclerites of the abdomen?

Answer 9

Tergum (Dorsal), Pleural Membrane (Lateral), Sternum (Ventral)

Question 10

What is the integument of the insect?

Answer 10

The epidermis and the cuticle

Question 11

What are the segments of the cuticle?

Answer 11

The epicuticle and procuticle.

Question 12

What portion of the cuticle has chitin?

Answer 12

The procuticle

Question 13

What are the layers of the epicuticle?

Answer 13

Cement layer, Wax layer, Superficial layer, Inner/Outter Epicuticle

Question 14

What are the parts of the procuticle?

Answer 14

Exocuticle and endocuticle

Question 15

How is chitin organized in the procuticle?

Answer 15

Forms bundles that form microfibrils set in a protein matrix

Question 16

What is sclerotization?

Answer 16

Quinones and dehydration of chains causing a hardening of the cuticle.

Question 17

What is an unsclerotized cuticle called?

Answer 17

arthrodial membrane

Question 18

Major Features of the Head?

Answer 18

Eyes, Antennae, Mouthparts

Question 19

What are the main sclerites of the head capsule?

Answer 19

Vertex, Gena, Frons, Clypeus, Labrum

Question 20

What are sutures?

Answer 20

External visual grooves in the cuticle where sclerites have joined together during development

Question 21

What are the main structures of the mouthparts?

Answer 21

Labrum, Mandibles, Hypopharynx, Maxillae, Labium

Question 22

What are the parts of the Maxillae?

Answer 22

Palps, Galea, Lacinia (from lateral to medial)

Question 23

What are the different parts of the Labium?

Answer 23

(From Posterior to Anterior) Gula, postmentum, mentum, prementum, 4 Lobes (palps and paraglossae)

Question 24

What are the different mouthparts positions?

Answer 24

Opisthognathous (Behind), Prognathous (Forward), Hypognathous (Under)

Question 25

What are the different mouthparts?

Answer 25

Biting-Chewing, Suctorial, Piercing-Sucking, Sponging, Piercing-Sponging, Lapping, Sizing-Grasping, Rasping

Question 26

What structure makes the proboscis in suctorial mouthparts?

Answer 26

Galea of the Maxillae

Question 27

What makes up the proboscis of piercing-sucking mouthparts?

Answer 27

Sheathed Stylets evolved from Mandibles and Maxillae (Hemiptera), Mandibles Maxillae Labrum Hypopharynx (Mosquitos), Labrum Hypopharynx Labium Maxillary Palps (Higher Flies)

Question 28

What is a labellar lobe?

Answer 28

Modified Labial palpi used for mopping up blood at the end of the mosquito proboscis

Question 29

What is a Labellum?

Answer 29

Modified Labium with lobes and pseudotrachea to sponge up liquid

Question 30

What structures make the "swords" of Piercing-Sponging Mouthparts^

Answer 30

Mandibles, Maxillae, Hypopharynx

Question 31

What structures make the tongue of the Chewing-lapping mouthparts?

Answer 31

Glossae (Labium)

Question 32

What insect has characteristic Mandibulosuctorial mouthparts?

Answer 32

Antlion Larvae, salivary canals, sometimes contain poison

Question 33

What are the three segments of the Thorax?

Answer 33

Prothorax, Mesothorax, Metathorax

Question 34

What is the name of the meso-meta-thorax?

Answer 34

Pterothorax

Question 35

What are the anterior and posterior segments of the pleuron called?

Answer 35

episternum (anterior), epimeron (posterior)

Question 36

What is a Pronotum?

Answer 36

Enlarged Dorsal Sclerite of the Prothorax

Question 37

What are the segments of the leg?

Answer 37

Coxa, Trochanter, Femur, Tibia, Tarsus, Pretarsus

Question 38

What are the segments of the tarsus called?

Answer 38

Tarsomeres

Question 39

What are the different leg adaptations?

Answer 39

Cursorial, Saltatorial, Natatorial, Fossorial and Raptorial

Question 40

What are the veins of the insect wings?

Answer 40

Costa, sub costa, radius, media, cubitus, anal

Question 41

What are the veins of the wings made of?

Answer 41

An open space for the hemocoel of the insect to flow and a nerve cord and trachea

Question 42

What are the important wing cells to know?

Answer 42

Discal cell (Butterflies), Pterostigma (Dark Distal Spot, Dragonfly), Triangle (Dragonfly)

Question 43

What are the different types of wings?

Answer 43

Membranous, Tegmina, Elytra, Hemelytra, Halteres, Scales

Question 44

What abdominal segments bear genitalia?

Answer 44

8 and 9

Question 45

Which abdominal segment can have appendages called Cerci?

Answer 45

11

Question 46

What is an Appendicular Ovipositor?

Answer 46

Has 2 gonapophysis and a gonastyle forming an external canal for the egg.

Question 47

What is a Substitutional Ovipositor?

Answer 47

Extensible posterior abdominal segments with a terminal ovipore

Question 48

What is are the appendicular reproductive appendages made of?

Answer 48

Gonocoxites and gonapophysis

Question 49

What is an adaegus?

Answer 49

The entire male reproductive organ, claspers + penis