extra exam 1

Question 1

What medication induces mydriasis?

Answer 1

phenylephrine (Altafrin)

Question 2

Beta blockers will mask signs and symptoms of

Answer 2

hypoglycemia

Question 3

Which oral hypoglycemic agent can react to readiopaque dye?

Answer 3

metformin (glucophage)

Question 4

Which diabetic agent requires the patient to have oral dextrose available at all times to treat hypoglycemia (table sugar/sucrose will not work)?

Answer 4

acarbose (precose)

Question 5

Adverse effects of metformin?

Answer 5

nausea
lactic acidosis
abdominal cramps

Question 6

Coritcosteriods may have an interaction with

Answer 6

NSAIDS

Question 7

Fludrocortisone needs to be taken with

Answer 7

food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset

Question 8

Possible benefits of metformin?

Answer 8

causes weight loss

produces a modest decrease in serum triglycerides

can be used in combo with other oral antidiabetic agents to lower blood glucose

Question 9

Do type 2 DM patients have ketones at diagnosis?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

Propranolol may increase

Answer 10

insulin’s hypoglycemic effects

Question 11

corticosteroids often mask symptoms of

Answer 11

infection

Question 12

A patient with diabetes should avoid exercise if their glucose level is greater than

Answer 12

250 mg/dL

Question 13

corticosteroids may cause __________ in diabetic patients

Answer 13

hyperglycemia

Question 14

glucocorticoids regulate

Answer 14

carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism

Question 15

2 kinds of corticosteroids are

Answer 15

mineralcorticoids (fludrocortison, aldosterone) and
glucocorticoids (cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone)

Question 16

4 antidiarrheals

Answer 16

Bismuth Subsalicylate / Pepto-Bismol

Diphenoxylate with atropine / Lomotil

Lactobacillus acidophilus / Lactinex

Loperamide / Imodium A-D

Question 17

6 Laxitives

Answer 17

Psyllium / Metamucil

Docusate Sodium / Colace

Mineral Oil / Fleet Mineral Oil

Polyethylene glycol / MiraLax / GoLYTELY

Magnesium hydroxide / Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia

Sennosides / Senna / Senokot / Ex-Lax

Question 18

Reflux meds

Answer 18

Aluminum hydroxide / Maalox / Milk of Magnesia

Famotidine / Pepcid

Misoprostol / Cytotec

Omeprazole / Prilosec

Pantoprazole / Protonix

Sucralfate / Carafate

Metoclopramide / Reglan

Promethazine / Phenergan

Ondansetron / Zofran

Question 19

nausea meds

Answer 19

Scopolamine / Transderm-Scop

Diphenhydramine / Benadryl

Dexamethasone / Decadron

Lorazepam / Ativan

Dronabinol / Marinol

Question 20

Dorzolamide / Trusopt

Answer 20

release eye pressure

Question 21

Pilocarpine / Isopto Carpine

Answer 21

drains fluid

Question 22

Phenylephrine / Altafrin

Answer 22

pupil dilation

Question 23

Timolol Maleate / Timoptic

Answer 23

decrease fluid production

Question 24

Latanoprost / Xalatan

Answer 24

increase fluid production

Question 25

opthalmic antibiotics

Answer 25

bacitracin and neomycin-polymyxin

Question 26

corticosteroid doses should be ____ in the morning and ____ in the afternoon

Answer 26

2/3 in the morning 1/3 in the afternoon

Question 27

mineralcorticoids should be given once daily when?

Answer 27

in the evening

Question 28

corticosteroids frequently cause blood sugar to

Answer 28

increase

Question 29

I'm sweaty, cold and clammy, give me some

Answer 29

candy

Question 30

microvascular complications are the destruction of

Answer 30

capillaries in eyes, kidneys, and peripheral tissues (neuropathies)

Question 31

macrovascular complications are assoicated with

Answer 31

atherosclerosis of the middle to large arties (heart and brain) resulting in stroke, mi, peripheral vascular disease

Question 33

fixed combo insulins contain

Answer 33

one intermediate type and either one rapid type or one short-acting type

Question 34

sliding scale insulin dosing is subq _____ or ______

Answer 34

rapid acting or short acting

Question 35

basal-bolus attempts to mimic a healthy pancreas by administering

Answer 35

basal insulin (long acting insulin) constantly then giving bolus short acting when glucose levels rise above a predetermined age

Question 36

glipizide may mask hypoglycemia and cause rash or disorders of the

Answer 36

blood

Question 37

patients on repaglinide who skip a meal should also

Answer 37

skip a dose to avoid hypoglycemia

Question 38

pioglitazone may damage the liver and might induce _____ in premenoposal women

Answer 38

ovulation, plan for alternative birth control

Question 39

acrabose inhibits

Answer 39

enzymes

Question 40

patients on canagliflozin should be pretested for

Answer 40

renal function and potassium levels

Question 41

dulaglutide is usually prescribed to patients

Answer 41

not getting good glucose control with other meds

Question 42

a severe reaction to dulaglutide could be

Answer 42

pancreatitis, signs and symptoms include abdominal pain that radiates around to the back

Question 43

monitor patients taking sitagliptin for

Answer 43

bradycardia