Extra Method & Context Flashcards
(20 cards)
Recruitment years for UK Biobank baseline?
2006 – 2010, with dietary recalls added 2009-2012.
Final censor date used in follow-up?
31 December 2020 (≈ 10 y max follow-up).
Age window of baseline cohort?
40 – 69 years.
Exact HbA1c definition for pre-diabetes?
5.7 % – 6.4 % (39-47 mmol/mol).
How many WebQ recalls could each participant complete?
Up to five 24-h recalls; mean of all used to lower measurement error.
Scoring range for every PDI index?
18 (min) – 90 (max).
Primary composite outcome ICD-10 codes captured which three diagnoses?
Coronary heart disease, stroke, and atrial fibrillation.
Two-step screening before analysis?
Remove baseline CVD/cancer, then drop invalid diet recalls, T1D, extreme intake.
Extreme‐energy cutoff values (men / women)?
< 600 or > 4 200 kcal (men); < 500 or > 3 600 kcal (women).
Covariate capturing neighbourhood deprivation?
Townsend Deprivation Index (TDI).
Difference between Model 1 and Model 2 in Cox analysis?
Model 1: age + sex only; Model 2: full multivariable block incl. BMI, TDI, lifestyle, clinical history (plus disease duration in diabetes).
Software noted for mediation (‘mediate’ macro) runs in which package?
SAS (version 9.4).
Proportional-hazards assumption — how assessed?
Authors state they checked before Cox modelling (method not detailed).
Sensitivity test that tackles reverse causality?
Excluded events occurring within 2 years of baseline; results unchanged.
Key subgroup where hPDI benefit disappeared?
People ≥ 60 y or with family history of diabetes.
Main dietary component explaining uPDI harm in diabetes?
Low whole-grain intake (≈ 36 % of excess risk).
Biomarker panel logged before diet recalls — why a limitation?
Temporal mismatch can cloud causality in mediation paths.
Attrition percentage from initial at-risk pools?
About 70 % (pre-DM) and 75 % (DM) excluded before final sample.
Free-text keyword authors use for “unhealthful plant foods”?
“Ultra-processed, sugary, or refined plant foods.”
UK Biobank ethical approval reference?
North West MREC 11/NW/0382.
