Extra Questions

Question 1

What does step-down transformer do

Answer 1

Lowers the voltage to 230v - so that it is safe for people to use

Question 2

Why are pylons dangerous and how does the national grid help avoid touching it

Answer 2

Carrying high voltage
It is high up - untouchable from people

Question 3

What does step-up transformer do

Answer 3

Increases the voltage
This decreases the current due to inversely proportional relationship
Allows electricity to travel through at a much lower current
Therefore less energy wasted

Question 4

Why is heat needed to melt or evaporate

Answer 4

To overcome the electrostatic attraction between particles

Question 5

What is relative charge of protons

Answer 5

+1

Question 6

What is relative charge of neutrons

Answer 6

0

Question 7

What is relative charge of electrons

Answer 7

-1

Question 8

What is relative mass of protons

Answer 8

1

Question 9

What is relative mass of neutron

Answer 9

1

Question 10

What is relative mass of electrons

Answer 10

0

Question 11

What does top number represent

Answer 11

Mass number

Question 12

What does bottom number represent

Answer 12

Atomic number

Question 13

What does mass number show

Answer 13

Protons + neutrons

Question 14

What does atomic number show

Answer 14

Protons = electrons

Question 15

What does a gamma ray look like

Answer 15

Wave

Question 16

What can Alpha radiation be used for

Answer 16

Smoke detectors

Question 17

What can beta particles be used for

Answer 17

Thickness gauge

Question 18

What can gamma radiation be used for

Answer 18

Sterilisation

Question 19

How does collisions cause pressure

Answer 19

When Gas particles collide with the walls of a container, they exert pressure

More frequent or harder collisions increase the gas pressure

Question 20

What is the effect of temperature on gas particles

Answer 20

Increasing temperature gives particles more kinetic energy

This means they move faster, collide more, and exert more pressure

Question 21

What is density practical with a regular object

Answer 21

Measure the mass using top-pan balance

Measure its dimensions using a ruler and calculate its volume from these

Calculate density using equation

Question 22

What is density practical with an irregular object

Answer 22

Lower object into eureka can and measure the volume of the water displaced using a measuring cylinder

Question 23

I hat is density practical in a solution

Answer 23

Put measuring cylinder on a balance and zero it, then add solution to measure both mass and volume

As density of pure water is 1g/dm3, a solution will have a higher density

The difference in these gives you the concentration of the solution

Question 24

What is characteristics of the filament lamps graph

Answer 24

Is a curve, as its resistance increases at higher currents (non - ohmic)

This is due to electrons colliding more frequently with ions oscillating faster

Question 25

What is characteristics of a diode graph

Answer 25

Only lets current flow in one direction High resistance in one way, low in other

Question 26

What is characteristics of fixed resistor graphs

Answer 26

Straight line = constant resistance (Ohmic) To calculate resistance from these graphs pick a point and use rearranged ohms law

Question 27

What is the starting process for the iv characteristics practical

Answer 27

Connect a component to a battery with an ammeter and variable resistor in series, and voltmeter in parallel. Measure the current for varying potential differences, including negative values by reversing the battery

Question 28

What is practical for specific heat capacity

Answer 28

Measure mass of water or metal block with a balance Put an electrical heater and thermometer in the water or the block of metal that has slots for them Connect heater to power supply, with an ammeter in series and a voltmeter in parallel Record initial temp, start the stop clock and record temp every 20 seconds

Question 29

What is practical for resistance of a wire

Answer 29

Connect constant wire to a power supply or battery using crocodile clip, along with an ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel Measure the length of wire between the crocodile clips with a metre rule, as well as the current and voltage Calculate resistance for each length using rearranged form of ohms law and plot these against length The relationship between resistance and length should be directionally proportional

Question 30

What wire has a fuse connected to it

Answer 30

Live wire

Question 31

What is a fuse

Answer 31

Thin metal wire in a tube that’s designed to melt or blow if there is a fault that causes a high current

Question 32

What is earth wire used as and explain what it does

Answer 32

Safety feature - acts as an escape route for currents that would otherwise cause a shock if appliance is touched

Question 33

What does a direct potential difference result in

Answer 33

Direct current

Question 34

What does a alternating current result in

Answer 34

Alternating potential difference

Question 35

What is a closed system

Answer 35

Is a system when energy can’t escape or enter the system