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01 - Wrist + hand > Extrinsic Muscles > Flashcards

Extrinsic Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial anterior compartment of forearm

A 
> Pronator Teres
> Flexor Carpi Radialis
> Palmaris Longus
> Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 
> Flexor Digitorum superficialis
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2
Q

Deep anterior compartment of forearm

A

> Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexor Pollucis Longus
Pronator Quadratus

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3
Q

Superficial posterior compartment of forearm

A 
> Brachioradialis
> Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
> Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
> Extensor Carpi Ulnaris 
> Extensor Digitorum
> Extensor Digiti Minimi
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4
Q

Deep Posterior compartment of forearm

A

> Extensor Indicis
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Abductor Pollicis Longus

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5
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)

A
  • Position: laterally in superficial anterior compartment
  • Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus = common flexor tendon
  • Insertion: Palmar base of of metacarpals 2-3
  • Action: Wrist flexoin
    : Wrist abduction
    Innervation: Median nerve C6-7
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6
Q

Palmaris Longus (not present in everyone)

A

Origin: common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)
Insertion: flexor retinaculum
: apex of palmar aponeurosis
Action: assists wrist flexion
: tightens palmar fascia
Innervation: Median nerve C7-8

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7
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)

A

Position: most medial of superficial anterior compartment
Origin: Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)
: medial olecranon + post border of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform (sesamoid bone)
: hook of hamate (pisohamate extension)
: base of 5th metacarpal (pisometacarpal extension)
Action: Flexion of wrist
: Adduction of wrist
: Synergic action in abduction of little finger
Innervation: Ulnar nerve C7-8

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8
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)

A
  • Origin: Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)
    : Coronoid process of ulna
    : Proximal 2/3 of anterior radius
  • Insertion: 4 tendons to either side of palmar surface of middle phalanges 2-5
  • Action: Wrist flexion
    : MCP flexion in digits 2-5
    : PIP flexion in digits 2-5
    (key in grip strength + power)
  • Innervation: Median nerve C6-T1
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9
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)

A
  • Position: medial side of deep anterior compartment
  • Origin: Medial side of coronoid process
    : Ant + med surfaces of ulna (+adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: 4 tendons to palmar surface of distal phalanges 2-5
  • Action: Wrist flexion
    : MCP/PIP/DIP flexion of digits 2-5
  • Innervation: Anterior Interosseous nerve C7-T1 = index+ middle
    : Ulnar nerve C8-T1 = ring + little
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10
Q

Flexor Pollucis Longus (FPL)

A
  • Position: lateral to FDP in deep layer of anterior compartment
  • Origin: Anterior surface of radius (+adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: Palmar base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: assists wrist flexion
    : CMC, MCP, IP flexion of thumb
  • Innervation: Anterior Interosseous Nerve C8-T1
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11
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL)

A
  • Position: lateral side of superficial posterior compartment - partly deep to brachioradialis
  • Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
  • Insertion: Dorsal base of metacarpal 2
  • Action: Extends wrist
    : Abduction of wrist
  • Innervation: Radial nerve C6-7
    (radial nerve splits between ECRL = ECRB)
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12
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB)

A
  • Position: Superficial posterior compartment, adjacent and partly covered by ECRL
  • Origin: common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle)
  • Insertion: Dorsal base of metacarpal 3
  • Action: Wrist extension
    : Wrist abduction
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C6-7
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13
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU)

A
  • Position: Posteromedial aspect of superficial posterior compartment
  • Origin; Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle)
  • Insertion: via shared aponeurosis with fdp + fcu from posterior border of ulna to medial base of 5th mc
  • Action: wrist adduction
    : wrist extension
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C7-8
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14
Q

Extensor Digitorum (ED)

A
  • Position: central, superficial in posterior compartment
  • Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle)
  • Insertion: 4 tendons to base of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 (via digital dorsal expansion)
  • Action: Extension of MCP joints of digits 2-5
    : assists extension of IP joints of digits 2-5
    : assists wrist extension
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C7-8
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15
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi (EDM)

A
  • Position: medial to ED in superficial posterior compartment
  • Origin: Common extensor tendon (lateral epicondyle)
  • Insertion: extensor hood of little finger - ulna side to ED tendon
  • Action: Extension at MCP of little finger
    : assists extension of IP joints of little finger
    : assists wrist extension
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C7-8
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16
Q

Extensor Indicis

A
  • Position: medial aspect of deep posterior compartment
  • Origin: Posterior distal ulna (+adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: extensor hood of index finger (ulna side to ED tendon)
  • Action: Extension of IP and MCP joints of index
    : assists wrist extension
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C6-7
17
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL)

A
  • Position: Deep to ED
  • Origin: Posterior middle 1/3 of ulna (+adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: wraps around dorsal tubercle to insert at dorsal base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: Extension of IP of thumb
    : assists extension at CMC, MCP of thumb
    : assists wrist extension
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C7-8
18
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB)

A
  • Position: lateral to EPL + deep to ED
  • Origin: Posterior middle of ulna (adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: Dorsal base of proximal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: Extension of CMC + MCP joints of thumb
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous Nerve C7-8
19
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A
  • Position: deep to ED, extensor compartment 1 at wrist
  • Origin: posterior upper ulna (+adjacent IM)
    : posterior mid radius (+adjacent IM)
  • Insertion: Radial side of base of 1st MC
  • Action: assists CMC extension + abduction
    : assists wrist abduction
  • Innervation: Posterior Interosseous nerve C7-8

01 - Wrist + hand (7 decks)

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