eye

Question 0

what are fibrous coat derived from

Answer 0

mesodermally derived

Question 1

what are the fibrous coats of the eyeball

Answer 1

Sclera and choroid

Question 2

what are derivatives of ectoderm

Answer 2

Lens
Retina
Cornea
Pigmented layers

Question 3

what are the three coats or tunics the eyeball is composed of

Answer 3

Fibrous tunic
vascular tunic
nervous tunic (retina)

Question 4

what is the white part of the eye

Answer 4

Sclera

Question 5

what part of the eye is thick, dense, firm, and opaque and maintains the shape of the eyeball if pressure inside the eyes increases

Answer 5

Sclera

Question 6

many tiny openings in the sclera allow what to pass through

Answer 6

blood vessels

Neurons (nerve fasicles)

Question 7

where do extraocular muscles attach

Answer 7

to the sclera

Question 8

what part of the sclera is lined with conjunctiva and transitions to the cornea

Answer 8

Anteriorly

Question 9

at what point does the Sclera transition to the Cornea

Answer 9

at the limbus

Question 10

the posterior part of the sclera is continuous with what fibrous sheath

Answer 10

the fibrous sheath that covers CN II

Question 11

what is the primary refractory part of the eyeball

Answer 11

the Cornea

Question 12

what are the five layers of the Cornea

Answer 12

Corneal epithelium
anterior limiting lamina
substantia propria
posterior limiting lamina
endothelium

Question 13

describe the color of the cornea

Answer 13

clear and transparent

Question 14

what layer of the cornea is continuous with the conjunctiva

Answer 14

Corneal epithelium

Question 15

what is the thickest, largest part of the cornea

Answer 15

Substantia propria

Question 16

what layer of the cornea covers the inside surgace of the cornea and lines the iridocorneal layer

Answer 16

endothelium

Question 17

what are the different vascular tunics

Answer 17

Chorioid
Ciliary body
Iris

Question 18

which layer of the vascular tunic is thin with a rich blood supply and has a lot of sympathetic influence

Answer 18

Choroid

Question 19

the blood vessels of the choroid are heavily supplied by what fibers

Answer 19

Autonomic and vasomotor

Question 20

at what point is the choroid firmly attatched to the Sclera

Answer 20

where the optic nerve penetrates it

Question 21

what holds the loosely attached Choroid to the Sclera

Answer 21

eyeball pressure

Question 22

why is the choroid darkly pigmented

Answer 22

limit passage of light both through the sclera to the retina and through the retina to the sclera

Question 23

what is the ciliary body continuous with

Answer 23

the Choroid to the post. and the Iris to the Ant.

Question 24

what suspends/anchors the lens

Answer 24

the ciliary body

Question 25

what does the ciliary body produce

Answer 25

Aqueous fluid found in the anterior segment of the eye | maybe some GAGs of the vitreous body

Question 26

what is the dividing point of the eye for the ant. segment and post. segment

Answer 26

the lens

Question 27

what is the function of ciliary muscles

Answer 27

contraction of the ciliary muscles allows the lens to become more convex

Question 28

a more convex lens helps what type of vision

Answer 28

near/closer vision

Question 29

what is the colored part of the eye

Answer 29

Iris

Question 30

what is the range of color of the iris

Answer 30

light blue to dark brown

Question 31

what divides the anterior segment into and ant. and post. chamber

Answer 31

the iris

Question 32

what is the ant. chamber between

Answer 32

the cornea and iris

Question 33

what is post. chamber between

Answer 33

the iris and lens

Question 34

what two muscles control the size of the pupil

Answer 34

sphincter pupillae | dilator pupillae

Question 35

where are the sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae located

Answer 35

the iris

Question 36

what is and outgrowth of diencephalon and considered to be a specialized portion of the brain

Answer 36

the nervous tunic/retina

Question 37

the Retina is in contact with the _______ externally and the _________ internally

Answer 37

Choroid, vitreous body

Question 38

what layer of the retina is the problem when there is a detached retina

Answer 38

the pigmented layer also called the cementing layer

Question 39

what cells are associated with the vision pathway

Answer 39

photoreceptors --> bipolar cells -->multipolar cells --> axons form the optic radiation --> synapse in Broadman area 17

Question 40

what can be seen with a funduscopic exam

Answer 40

the optic disc macula lutea fovea centralis

Question 41

what is the point at which the optic nerve attaches to the eyeball

Answer 41

the optic disc

Question 42

what part of the eye has no photoreceptors

Answer 42

the optic disc

Question 43

what is the middle of the maculae lutea refered to as

Answer 43

the fovea centralis

Question 44

what are has the clearest vision and the only photoreceptors are cones

Answer 44

the macula lutea

Question 45

what are the refractory components of the eye

Answer 45

Cornea Aqueous humor lens vitreous body

Question 46

what fluid is secreted into the posterior chamber

Answer 46

Aqueous humor

Question 47

where does aqueous humor pass through to get into the ant. chamber? and where does it leave the eyeball?

Answer 47

through the pupil | out the scleral venous sinus

Question 48

what results from increased pressure within the ant. chamber of the eyeball that can result in blindness

Answer 48

Glaucoma

Question 49

what part of the eye is transparent, biconvex, and avascular

Answer 49

the lens

Question 50

what is it called when the lens gets harder with age, resulting in more difficult near vision

Answer 50

Presbyopia

Question 51

what is it called when the lens becomes less and less transparent

Answer 51

cateracts

Question 52

what fills the posterior segment, and is Gelatinous and transparent

Answer 52

Vitreous body

Question 53

in relationship to the eye where are lacrimal glands located and what do they secrete

Answer 53

superolaterally to the eyeball, secrete tears

Question 54

what carried tears to the eye from the lacrimal glands

Answer 54

excretory ducts

Question 55

where are lacrimal ducts found and what do they do

Answer 55

they are in each eylid below and medial to the eyeball they drain tears

Question 56

where are tears drained to from the lacrimal ducts

Answer 56

lacrimal sacs

Question 57

lacrimal sacs are found in a grove between which two structures

Answer 57

the lacrimal bone and maxilla

Question 58

what is the most superior part of the nasolacrimal duct

Answer 58

the lacrimal sac

Question 59

what drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the inferior nasal meatus

Answer 59

the nasolacrimal ducts

Question 60

what is a modified sebaceous gland that secretes and oily substance that covers tear upon blinking.

Answer 60

Tarsal glands

Question 61

what is the oily coat secreted by tarsal glands function

Answer 61

reduce the evaporation of tears

Question 62

all arteries to the eyball are branches of what artery

Answer 62

the Opthalmic Artery

Question 63

each eyball has one long posterior ciliary artery on each side (medial and lateral) that runs between what structures

Answer 63

the Sclera and Choroid

Question 64

each eyeball has six to twelve of these arteries that ender the eyeball on the posterior surface forming a ring around the optic nerve

Answer 64

short ciliary arteries

Question 65

each eyeball has six to eight of these arteries that arch of or under the eyeball

Answer 65

anterior ciliary arteries

Question 66

what artery of the eyeball travels via the optic nerve to the retina then spreads out into an extensive network

Answer 66

Central retinal artery

Question 67

what is the only artery that supplies the retina

Answer 67

central retinal artery

Question 68

what are the veins of the eye

Answer 68

ant. ciliary vein long post. ciliary vein central retinal vein

Question 69

what are the nerves of the eyeball that branch of the nasociliary nerve (CN V1)

Answer 69

long ciliary nerves | short ciliary nerves

Question 70

what are the long ciliary nerves sensory for

Answer 70

the ciliary body, iris and cornea

Question 71

what are short ciliary nerves sensory for

Answer 71

the eyeball