Eye Assessment ppt

Question 1

Eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eye muscles, and bony skull orbit make up the ___ part of the eye.

Answer 1

external

Question 2

Sclera, cornea, iris, lens, and retina make up the ___ part of the eye.

Answer 2

internal

Question 3

The ___ supports internal eye structures.

Answer 3

sclera

Question 4

The ___ has sensory innervation for pain, separates aqueous humor from external env, and permits light transmission thru lens to retina.

Answer 4

cornea

Question 5

The ___ dilates/contracts to control amt of light traveling thru pupil to retina.

Answer 5

iris

Question 6

The ___ changes in thickness to allow images from varied distances to be focused on retina.

Answer 6

lens

Question 7

The ___ is the sensory network of the eye, transforms light impulses into electrical impulses that are sent to the cerebral cortex, and cortex interprets impulses as visual objects.

Answer 7

retina

Question 8

The function of the eye is to transmit ___ stimuli to the ___ for interpretation.

Answer 8

visual, brain

Question 9

The eye is attached by 4 ___ muscles and 2 ___ muscles.

Answer 9

rectus, oblique

Question 10

The eye is innervated by CN ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 10

III, IV, VI

Question 11

Ptosis (droopy eye) would indicate abnormality w/CN ___.

Answer 11

III

Question 12

Both eyes do not focus on an object simultaneously w/___. Pt appears cross-eyed.

Answer 12

strabismus

Question 13

W/ ___ ___, one or more extraocular muscles or their nerve supply is impaired.

Answer 13

paralytic strabismus

Question 14

In ___ ___, pt can focus w/either eye but not w/both simultaneously.

Answer 14

nonparalytic strabismus

Question 15

Infants eyes form during the first ___ wks of gestation.

Answer 15

8

Question 16

___ vision is fully dev at birth. ___ vision dev later.

Answer 16

Peripheral, central

Question 17

___ forms from immature retinal cells. A ___ reflex appears instead of a normal ___.

Answer 17

Retinoblastoma, white, red

Question 18

Corneal edema/thickening occurs, diabetic retinopathy worsens, tears have greasy feeling, intraocular pressure falls, ptosis may develop, and subconjunctival hemorrhages may occur in ___ pt’s.

Answer 18

pregnant

Question 19

Presbyopia, loss of lens clarity and cataract formation occurs in ___ pt’s

Answer 19

elderly

Question 20

___ ___ is the most common cause of blindness for ind over age 65.

Answer 20

Macular degeneration

Question 21

W/ ___ ___, tissue breakdown occurs and fluid begins to seep btwn layers of the retina, causing them to ___.

Answer 21

macular degeneration, separate

Question 22

Symptoms of macular degeneration: ___ spots, ___ of lights, ___ areas in the side vision, ___ or ___ vision.

Answer 22

black, flashes, shadow, wavy, watery

Question 23

___ is double vision.

Answer 23

Diplopia

Question 24

___ may be caused by DM, CVA, trauma, or brain tumor.

Answer 24

Diplopia

Question 25

___ ___ is a deficiency in the way you see color. Have problem differentiating btwn ___ and ___, or ___ and ___.

Answer 25

color blindness, red, green, blue, yellow

Question 26

Chronic diseases that can affect vision include: ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 26

HTN, DM, glaucoma

Question 27

When assessing visual acuity, measure for ___ -sighted, ___-sighted, and ___ vision.

Answer 27

near, far, peripheral

Question 28

Total blindness in one eye can be caused by a lesion in the optic nerve of the ___ side.

Answer 28

same

Question 29

___ is caused by a lesion interrupting the optic chiasm.

Answer 29

Bitemporalhemianopia

Question 30

___ ___ can be caused by a lesion arising in optic nerve radiation on either side of the brain.

Answer 30

Hemonymous hemianopia

Question 31

Test for ___ vision, ___ vision, and ___ vision.

Answer 31

central, near, peripheral

Question 32

Test eyes w/ and w/out ___ lenses.

Answer 32

corrective

Question 33

If vision less than 20/20 on snellen/E chart, conduct ___ test.

Answer 33

pinhole

Question 34

Inspection w/the ophthalmoscope permits visualization of what 4 things?

Answer 34

optic disc, arteries, veins, retina

Question 35

___ appear as black densities on eye exam.

Answer 35

Opacities

Question 36

There is a lens abnormality w/___, where it becomes ___.

Answer 36

cataracts, cloudy

Question 37

There is pupil abnormality in ___ syndrome. You will see miosis (constr. of pupil) and ptosis (droopy eyelid)

Answer 37

Horner

Question 38

___ is caused by denaturation of the lens protein w/the aging process.

Answer 38

Cataracts

Question 39

For pt's w/___, vision worsens at night-time in the dark.

Answer 39

cataracts

Question 40

A ___ ___ is an emergency where pt experiences sudden unexplained flash of light and moving black spots (floaters) in vision.

Answer 40

retinal tear

Question 41

The Keith-Wagner-Baker (KWB) system is used to evaluate vascular, retina, and optic disc changes in ___ ___.

Answer 41

hypertensive retinopathy

Question 42

In acute closed angle glaucoma, the vision is ___ and pt may experience severe ___, ___, may see ___, and may have n/v and h/a. The cornea appears ___.

Answer 42

blurry, pain, photophobia, halos, cloudy

Question 43

___ is cholesterol plaque deposits on eyes, extremities, knees, elbows, etc. Pt's ___ level will be high.

Answer 43

Xanthelasma, cholesterol

Question 44

___ ___ is calcium deposits in the superficial cornea.

Answer 44

Ban keratopathy

Question 45

___ is inflam of the superficial layers of the sclera anterior to the insertion of the rectus muscles. Commonly seen in Chrohn's, RA, or other autoimmune disorders.

Answer 45

Episcleritis

Question 46

Pt w/___ ___ can have ___ vision, severe ___, ___, a sensation that a ___ ___ is present, and may experience tearing. Sometimes d/t not taking out or changing contacts.

Answer 46

corneal ulcer, blurry, pain, photophobia, foreign body

Question 47

Pt's w/___ have erythema and cobble-stone appearance of sclera.

Answer 47

conjunctivitis

Question 48

3 types of conjunctivitis:

Answer 48

viral, bacterial, allergic

Question 49

No change in vision, mild soreness, may have pre-auricular node, serous discharge, no pupillary changes, and conjunctival injection and mild lid edema are all symptoms present in ___ conjunctivitis.

Answer 49

viral

Question 50

No change in vision, burning, irritation, tearing, purulent/copious discharge, no pupillary change, and conjunctival injection and eyes "glued shut" w/yellow crust in am w/pointing eyelashes are all symptoms present in ___ conjunctivitis.

Answer 50

bacterial

Question 51

No change in vision, itching and tearing bilat, mucoid/serous drng, no pupillary change, and bilat conjunctival injection and "boggy" conjunctiva are all symptoms present in ___ conjunctivitis.

Answer 51

allergic

Question 52

___ ___ has a sudden onset and is caused by a rise in venous pressure such as coughing, hvy lifting, sneezing, or vomiting. Make sure b/p in pt's w/HTN are being controlled.

Answer 52

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

Question 53

___ is a red/blood shot eye w/pain, sensitive to light, blurry vision, and different size pupils/sluggish or fixed. Is an emergency.

Answer 53

Iritis

Question 54

___ (aka stye), is an acute suppurative inflam of the follicle which is generally caused by staph organisms.

Answer 54

Hordeola

Question 55

___-___ is inflam and swelling in one or more meibion (oil) glands of the eyelid.

Answer 55

Chalazion-cyst

Question 56

___ is crusting along the eyelashes at the bases. Usually caused by bacterial infection, seborrhea, psoriasis, allergies, or a manifestation of rosacea.

Answer 56

Blepharitis

Question 57

___ pupils can be normal, but can also be caused by eye medication or destruction of unilateral sympathetic or parasympathetic pupillary pathway.

Answer 57

Unilateral

Question 58

___ is outward rotation of lower eyelid. Common in ___.

Answer 58

Ectropion, elderly

Question 59

___ is inward rotation of lower eyelid.

Answer 59

Entropion

Question 60

___ is drooping of the eyelid, representing a CN ___ problem.

Answer 60

Ptosis, III

Question 61

___ is a protrusion of the globes forward. Most commonly seen in ___ disease.

Answer 61

Exophthalmos, Grave's

Question 62

___ is an abnormal growth of conjunctiva from limbus to cornea. Commonly seen in ppl w/over exposure to ___ light and ppl who work ___.

Answer 62

Ptergyium, UV, outdoors

Question 63

___ is a key-like shape/cat-like of the pupil that is a mutation of ___. There is a gap at the bottom of the eye (6:00) where the pupil is not closed. Can be unilateral or bilat.

Answer 63

Coloboma, PAx2

Question 64

___ is where the eyes are different colors and is usually hereditary.

Answer 64

Heterochromia

Question 65

CHARGE syndrome stands for:

Answer 65

Coloboma (keyhole-like shape of pupil) Heart defects Atresia choanae (problems w/nasal passages) Retardation of growth and dev Genital hypoplasia (undescended testicles) Ear and hearing abnormalities

Question 66

Grade ___ of the KWB system results in moderate arterial attenuation and focal constriction.

Answer 66

1

Question 67

Grade ___ of the KWB system results in arterioles decreased to 1/2 of size w/localized constriction, causing A/V nicking.

Answer 67

2

Question 68

Grade ___ of the KWB system results in cotton wool spots, exudates, elshnig spots, and hemorrhages.

Answer 68

3

Question 69

Grade ___ of the KWB system results in papilledema.

Answer 69

4

Question 70

A/V nicking indicates long-standing ___ and can predispose to branch ___.

Answer 70

HTN, occlusion

Question 71

Papilledema can l/t ___ star.

Answer 71

macular

Question 72

___ ___ is one of the leading causes of blindness and risk increases as disease worsens.

Answer 72

Diabetic retinopathy