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Human Body & Disease > Eye/Ear Exam > Flashcards

Eye/Ear Exam Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

Rods

A

Enable night vision; work best in dim light

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2
Q

Iris

A

Circular structure in eye that controls diameter and size of pupil (amount of light reaching retina)

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3
Q

Conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane that covers anterior portion of eyeball/lines eyeball

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4
Q

Corneal Abrasion

A

Scratched cornea/scratched eye

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5
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness (Often caused by shortened eyeball)

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6
Q

Amblyopia

A

“Lazy eye” Decrease in eyesight due to abnormal visual development

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7
Q

Stye (Sty)(Hardeolum)

A

Localized inflammatory swelling in one or more of glands of the eyelid (Treat with warm compress for 4-5 days)

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8
Q

Cataract

A

Cloudy area in lens; opacity blocks light from reaching retiona; gradual reduction in vision

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9
Q

purulent

A

consisting of/containing pus

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10
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

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11
Q

Entropia/Ectropia

A

en- and in = turns inward
ec- or ex= turns outward

LOWER EYELID TURNS

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12
Q

Cones

A

Detect color and fine detail; work best in bright light

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13
Q

Lens

A

Light refraction

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14
Q

Vitreous Humor

A

Large cavity behind lens, located in vitreous body

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15
Q

choroiditis

A

Inflammation of the choroid/retina of eye

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16
Q

Choroid

A

Vascular layer of eyeball between retina/sclera

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17
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness; Often caused by elongation of eyeball

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18
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary, rhythmic, repetitive, movements of one or both eyes. Needs neurological exam.

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19
Q

Keratitis

A

Inflammation or infection of the cornea

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20
Q

Retinal Detachment

A

Separation of the retina from the choroid; sudden & painless; sees light flashes or floaters

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21
Q

Floaters

A

Spots in vision that look like black/grey specks and drift across the eyes

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22
Q

Strabismus

A

Improper alignment of eyes; can converge (cross) or diverge; can cause blindness

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23
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid and interfering with vision

(blephar/o= eyelid
ptosis= drooping)

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24
Q

Pupil

A

Opening in iris that varies in size to regulate the amount of light reaching the retina

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25
Sclera
External protection of the eye
26
Aqueous Humor
Produced by ciliary body | Circulates posterior and anterior chambers of eye
27
Lens Distortion
Cornea starts thinning, bulges into cone like shape. Cone shape detects light and causes distortion
28
Presbyopia
Old age vision
29
Glaucoma
damage to optic nerve in the presence of elevated introacular pressure
30
Macular Degeneration
Progressive deterioration/breakdown in retina | usually both eyes; may start with mild distortion of central vision
31
Astigmatism
Irregular focusing on the light rays entering the eye (Irregularity of Cornea)
32
Conjuncitivitis
Inflammation of conjunctiva
33
Chalaztion
Cyst in eyelid due to blocked oil gland (small, painless, non-mobile)
34
pinna
- only visible part of ear & first to react with sound | - acts as funnel assisting in directing sound into ear
35
Stapes (smallest bone in body)
- Bone in middle ear | - Transmits sound vibrations from incus to inner ear
36
Semicircular canals
- Located in inner ear | - Provides info about orientation to brain to help maintain balance
37
Tinnitus
Ringing or buzzing sound in the ears
38
Cerumen
"earwax"
39
Mastoiditis
Inflammation of the mastoid bone from untreated acute otitis media or associated w/ cholesteoma
40
Ankylosing
Bones/Joints becoming stiff or united by ankylosis
41
External Auditory canal
Auditory canal leading from opening of external ear to eardrum
42
Incus
Small bone in middle ear that transmits vibrations between malleus and stapes
43
External Ear
- Consists of pinna + ear canal | - Gathers sound waves and directs them into the ear
44
Vertigo
Feeling of dizziness, loss of balance, lightheadedness
45
Otitis Media
Inflammation of the middle ear
46
Myringotomy
Surgical incision into eardrum to relieve pressure and drain fluid
47
Labrynthitis
Inflammation of labyrinth from viral/bacterial infection
48
Tympanic Membrane
- Forms eardrum between outer/middle ear | - Vibrates in response to sound waves
49
Eustachian Tube
- Canal connecting middle ear to upper part of throat | - Allow air in when you swallow/sneeze
50
Middle Ear
Air filled cavity behind eardrum (malleus, incus, stapes)
51
N/V
- Visual acuity for near | - Nausea & Vomiting
52
Otosclerosis
Limited movement of ossicles in middle ear ot/o= ear sclerosis= hardening
53
Stapedectomy
Removal of diseases stapes; replaced with prosthesis of metal, ceramic or plastic
54
Benign Paroxysmal (BPPV)
Vestibular System Disorder | symptoms: spinning sensation w/ head movement, involuntary eye movements
55
Malleus
- Small bone in middle ear | - Transmits vibrations of eardrum to incus
56
Cochlea
- Spiral cavity in inner ear | - Produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations
57
Inner Ear
Sound detection + Balance
58
Meniere's Disease
Chronic Disease of inner ear; vertigo, tinnitus, progressive hearing loss, sensation of pressure
59
Otomycosis
Mycosis=Fungal Fungal Ear infection in the outer ear canal
60
Presbycusis
Progressive nerve deafness associated w/ aging
61
Root word for eye
Ocul
62
Is ototoxicity a problem in the ear or eye?
Ear (Property of Being Toxic to the ear)
63
Purpose of the Cones
Color Vision & Fine Detail | works better in bright light
64
Purpose of the Rods
- Distinguish light from Dark & Perceive Shape/Movement | - Work better in dim light
65
Glaucoma usually occurs after what age?
60+
66
Presbyopia usually occurs after what age?
40+
67
Medical term for nearsightedness
Myopia
68
Definition of Refractive Errors
Eye is unable to focus light on retina effectively
69
3 Types of Refractive Errors
Myopia, Hyperopia, Presbyopia, Astigmatism
70
Why does the onset of nystagmus require a neurologic evaluation?
can be caused by brain tumors
71
What is the term for Double Vision?
Diplopia
72
Difference between Hordeolum & Chalazion
Hordeolum: Acute, painful abscess of eyelash follicle or subaceous gland on eyelids Chalazion: Small, painless nodule on body of eyelid (subcutaneous)
73
Definition of Keratitis
Any inflammation/Infection of the cornea
74
What causes Keratitis?
Infection resulting from herpes simplex virus
75
T or F The lens of the eye is elastic which allows it to change shape to focus images near and far
True
76
Ectropian vs Entropian
Ectropian- lower eyelid turns outward | Entropian- lower eyelid turns inward
77
Symptoms of a scratch or an abrasion to the cornea
- Redness - Tearing - Light Sensitivity - Headache - Blurred Vision - Eye Twitching
78
Difference between open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma
Open- obstruction occurs in trabecular meshwork Closed- Trabecular meshwork covered by iris or adhesions between iris and cornea
79
Is open or closed glaucoma easier to treat?
Open is easier to treat
80
Root word for ear
ot/o
81
Does cochlear implant restore normal hearing?
No; Restores partial hearing
82
Is the middle ear normally filled with air or with fluid?
Air-filled
83
What are the causes of conduction hearing loss?
Can be caused by blockage of external/middle ear (CERUMEN or TUMORS) Impairment of bones/eardrum in middle ear
84
Causes of Sensorineural Deafness
Impairment of Cochlea/Auditory Nerve
85
Two functions of the ear
Hearing + Balance
86
Causes of Ototoxicity?
antibiotics, drug/chemical exposure
87
If Otitis Media is neglected what are some complications?
Hearing Loss
88
Does stapedectomy restore normal hearing?
Yes; about 90 percent of the time
89
What is serous otitis?
- Collection of non-infected fluid in middle ear space | - Can be both chronic or acute
90
Is there a treatment for otosclerosis?
Yes; only treatment that cures it is a stapedectomy
91
What does "Ankylosing"
Bones/Joints becoming stiff
92
Purpose of semicircular canals
Control Balance
93
Infection/Inflammation of semicircular canals
Labryinthitis
94
Major risk of ruptured eardrum is _______
Hearing loss
95
Symptoms of neoplasms of the ear....
- Progressive Hearing Loss - Visible Mass - Loss of Equilibrium - Tinnitus
96
Tympanostomy...What is it & Purpose for it being done
- Tube inserted into eardrum to keep middle ear aerated for a long time - Prevents accumulation of fluid in middle ear
97
What problem/disease can the herpes simplex virus cause if it gets in the eye?
Keratitis

Human Body & Disease (3 decks)

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