Eye review Flashcards

(78 cards)

1
Q

subjective data for entropion?

A

“feels like there is something in my eye”

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2
Q

can surgery correct entropion ?

A

yes

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3
Q

with entropion how does how does the cornea present itself?

A

red

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4
Q

nursing care for entropion

A
  • eye drops

- antibiotics

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5
Q

what is an ectropion

A

the turning outward and sagging of the eyelid

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6
Q

what causes an extrapion?

A

muscle relaxation and weakness caused by aging

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7
Q

with an ectropion air gets in the cornea causing __________

A

dryness

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8
Q

Patient presents with constant ______ and sagging lower eyelid

A

tears

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9
Q

surgery can restore_______

A

eyelid alignment

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10
Q

What is a hordeolum?

A

stye… infection of the eyelid sweat gland or eyelid sebaceous gland

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11
Q

a stye looks _______ and is painful

A

red

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12
Q

nursing care for a stye includes…

A
  • eye compress

- antibacterial ointment

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13
Q

Nursing intervenes for a stye….

A
  • teach patient how to apply compress

- remove the ointment from eyes before driving or operating machinery

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14
Q

what is a chalazion?

A

is an inflammation of a sebaceous gland in the eye lid

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15
Q

Is there pain felt with a chalazion?

A

No, painless swelling

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16
Q

Subjective for chalazion

A
  • light sensitivity
  • eye fatigue
  • excessive tears
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17
Q

what is a keratoconjunctivitis sicca?

A

dry eye syndrome

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18
Q

what drugs decrease tear production?

A
  • antihistamine
  • beta androgenic blocking agents
  • anticholinergics
  • cosmetic surgery
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19
Q

cyclosporine

A

(restasis) ….increases tear production

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20
Q

artificial tears are used with dry eye syndrome to

A

reduce daytime dryness

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21
Q

what is Conjunctivitis?

A

inflammation with or without infection of the conjunctiva

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22
Q

what are the two types of conjunctivitis ?

A

allergic and bacterial

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23
Q

allergic conjunctivitis manifestation…

A

burning !

blood shot eye appearance, excessive tears and itching

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24
Q

Management of allergic conjunctivitis includes…

A

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25
Management of allergic conjunctivitis includes...
vasoconstritor and corticosteroid eyedrops
26
Bacterial conjunctivitis manifestations
- vessel dialation - edema - tears - discharge - discharge is watery then turns thicker w/ mucus
27
treatment of conjunctivitis
ophthalmic antibiotics
28
Nursing intervention of conjunctivitis
- preventing spread to the other eye - remind to wash hands - do not touch un affected eye before washing hands - avoid sharing was cloths - dont try on others make-up - dont share eyeglasses - use eyedrops in both eyes
29
What is a trachoma?
Chronic conjunctivitis caused by clamydia trachomatis
30
trachoma resembles which eye condition?
bacterial conjunctivitis
31
most effective medication used for trachoma is
azithromycin (Zithromax)
32
Corneal abrasion
a scratch or scrape injury to the cornea
33
What can cause a corneal abrasion?
- foreign body - trauma - contacts - malnutrition - dry eye syndrome - some cancer therapies
34
Corneal ulceration
deeper injury to the cornea....medical emergency that can permanently impair vision
35
The patient with corneal disorder has
pain, reduced vision, photophobia and eye secretions | - hazy look
36
nursing priority for corneal disorder
- begin drug therapy | - prevent infection
37
nursing interventions
- antibiotics and make sure they are compliant | - eye drops only go i in the infected eye and not both
38
cataract is a
lens opacity that distorts the image
39
cataracts can be present at birth or develop...
at anytime
40
cataracts can cause...
blindness
41
assessment of cataract
- age - family history - recent/ past eye trauma - radioactive exposure - prolonged corticosteroid, beta blockers and biotic drugs -
42
subjective
- decreased color perception | - may express that their vision is blurry
43
does cataracts caused pain ?
no pain or redness associated with age related cataracts
44
Can vision be restored when the cataract is removed ?
yes
45
what is the only cure for cataracts ?
surgery
46
glaucoma is
a group of eye disorders resulting Inntraocular pressure
47
a patient with glaucoma usually has pain and has a dull...
headache over the affected eye
48
an intraocular pressure above 20 is
to be alarmed
49
primary glaucoma...
most common | - develops slowly and has no manifestation in early stages
50
physical assessment/manifestations of glaucoma
- los of visual fields - sudden severe pain around the eyes that radiates over the face - seeing halos - vomiting
51
diagnostic assessment of IOP measured by
tonometry
52
open angles glaucoma tonometry reading should be between
22-32
53
angle closure glaucoma tonometry reading may be
30 mm Hg or higher
54
glaucoma is a common cause of
Blindness in North America
55
glaucoma intervention
- drug therapy to decrease IOP
56
Patient teaching for glaucoma drug therapy
- take medications as prescribed and on time - wait 5-10 min if taking more than 1 eye drop to prevent washing out effect. - do not skip doses
57
What would you want to reinforce to a patient with a patient taking multiple eye drops
- identifying through different textures - using large labels - brighter colors - use rubber band system
58
Macular degeneration is
the deterioration of the macula and can be age related and exudative
59
____ AMD is the most common
dry
60
dry amd manifestationa
- decreased central vision - mild blurring visual distortion at first - affects adl's
61
dry AMD processes fastest amongst
smokers
62
risk factors for AMD include
``` hypertension female short stature family history long term diet poor in vitamin E and carotene ```
63
exudative macular degeneration can occur
at any age and in one or both eyes
64
patients with EMD has a
sudden decrease in vision after a detachment of pigment epithelium in the macula
65
does dry AMD have a cure?
No, treatment is focused on slowing down vision loss
66
what dietary intakes slow the progression of dry AMD?
- vitamin B 12 - antioxidants - carotenoids lutein ans zeaxanthin
67
Retinal holes can be caused by
trauma and aging
68
retinal tears are characterized by
jagged and irregular shaped break in the retina
69
retinal detachment
separation of the retina from the epithelium
70
retinal detachment can be sudden and
painless
71
subjective for retinal detachment...
sudden bright, flashes of l | - floating dark spots ight
72
myopia
near sightedness
73
presbyopia
age related vision loss
74
patients decrease floaters as
seeing little things crawling ( bleeding behind the eye
75
hyperopia aka micro myopia
far sightedness
76
astigmatism
combination of both
77
eye trauma is diagnosed with what
a CT scan or bedside ultrasound
78
if a person works in construction and has metal in their eye you cannot do an MRI why?
the radiation will pull out the eye