Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Eye Terms (Ch 17) > Flashcards

Eye Terms (Ch 17) Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

accommodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

amblyopia

A

decreased visual acuity often in a single eye and appearing in children; lazy eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anisocoria

A

inequality in the size of pupils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anterior chamber

A

area of the eye behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris (contains aqueous humor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

aphakia

A

absence of the lens of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

biconvex

A

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly, like part of a sphere (lens of the eye is a biconvex body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of an eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

blepharoptosis

A

sagging or drooping eyelid; ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

chalazion

A

small, hard, cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

choroid

A

middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ciliary body

A

structure surrounding the lens that connected the iris to the choroid (contains ciliary muscles, which control the shape of the lens and secretes aqueous humor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cone

A

photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse (responsible for color and central vision)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

conjunctiva

A

delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball up to the cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cornea

A

fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

corneal abrasion

A

superficial scratch on the cornea (front the eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

corneoscleral

A

pertaining to the cornea and sclera (white of the eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cycloplegic

A

pertaining to the paralysis of the ciliary muscles of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

dacryoadenitis

A

inflammation of tear glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

disease of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus; microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization in the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
enucleation
removal of the entire eyeball
26
esotropia
turning inward of one or both pupils; "cross eyes"
27
exotropia
turning to the side or outward of one or both pupils
28
fluorescein angiography
intravenous injection of fluorescein (a dye) followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils
29
fovea centralis
tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision
30
fundus of the eye
posterior, inner part of the eye; visualized with an ophthalmoscope
31
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision
32
hemianopsia
absence of vision for one half, right or left, of an individual's field of vision
33
hordeolum
small, superficial white nodule along lid margin due to infection of a sebaceous gland; stye
34
hyperopia
farsightedness; vision condition in which distant objects are seen more clearly than objects that are near
35
hypertensive retinopathy
disease of the retina due to high blood pressure
36
intraocular
pertaining to within the eye
37
intravitreal
pertaining to within the vitreous humor
38
iridectomy
removal of a portion of the iris
39
iridic
pertaining to the iris
40
iris
pigmented (colored) layer of the eye
41
iritis
inflammation of the iris of the eye
42
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea of the eye
43
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea of the eye; corneal transplant
44
lacrimal
pertaining to tears
45
lacrimation
production of tears
46
laser photocoagulation
intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels
47
lens
transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye that bends light rays to bring them into focus on the retina
48
macular degeneration
progressive damage to the macula of the retina and resulting in loss of central vision
49
miosis
contraction of the pupil of the eye
50
miotic
drug that causes the pupil of the eye to contract
51
mydriasis
widening of the pupil of the eye
52
myopia
nearsightedness; vision condition in which close objects are seen more clearly than objects that are far
53
nyctalopia
night blindness; difficult, poor vision at night
54
nystagmus
repetitive, rhythmic movements of one or both eyes
55
ophthalmic
pertaining to the eye
56
ophthalmologist
medical doctor specializing in the diseases of the eye
57
ophthalmoplegia
paralysis of muscles that move the eyeball
58
ophthalmoscopy
visual examination of the interior of the eye
59
optic chiasm
point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain
60
optic disc
region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina (blind spot of the eye because only contains nerve fibers, no rods or cones and thus insensitive to light)
61
optic nerve
cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain (cerebral cortex)
62
optical coherence tomography
non-invasive imaging technique using light waves to take cross-sectional pictures of the retina
63
optician
non-medical professional trained in grinding lenses and fitting eyeglasses
64
optometrist
non-medical professional trained to examine and measure the eye to prescribe and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses
65
palpebral
pertaining to an eyelid
66
papilledema
swelling of the optic disc; associated with increased pressure within the eye
67
phacoemulsification
cataract removal surgery in which ultrasonic vibrations break up a cloudy lens; the pieces are then aspirated through the ultrasonic probe and new intraocular lens is inserted
68
photophobia
sensitivity to light
69
presbypopia
impairment of vision as a result of old age
70
pupil
central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass and appears dark
71
pupillary
pertaining to the pupil of the eye
72
refraction
bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina
73
retina
light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones)
74
retinal detachment
two layers of the retina separate from each other
75
retinitis pigmentosa
inflammation of the retina with pigmentation and progressive scarring of tissue
76
rod
photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in low light and for peripheral vision
77
sclera
tough, white outer coat of the eyeball
78
scleral buckle
suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina
79
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
80
scotoma
blind spot in the field of vision
81
slit lamp microscopy
examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification
82
strabismus
abnormal deviation of the eye; esotropia or exotropia are examples
83
thalamus
main relay center of the brain where optic nerve fibers pass through on their way to the cerebral cortex
84
tonometry
measurement of tension and pressure within the eye; glaucoma test
85
trabeculoplasty
procedure using a laser beam to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma
86
uveitis
inflammation of the uvea, which is the vascular layer of the eye (including the iris, choroid, and ciliary body)
87
visual acuity test
eye exam that measures clarity of vision
88
visual field test
eye examination that measure the entire scope of vision (peripheral and central)
89
vitrectomy
removal of vitreous humor
90
vitreous humor
soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber; helps maintain the shape of the eyeball
91
xerophthalmia
condition of excessive dryness of the eye

Medical Terminology (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions