Eyelid

Question 1

Telecanthus

Answer 1

abnormally increased distance between the. medial canthi of the eyelids

Question 2

Poliosis

Answer 2

whitening of the eyelashes

Question 3

Madarosis

Answer 3

loss of eyelashes

Question 4

Trichiasis

Answer 4

turning inward of eyelashes, often secondary to entropion

Question 5

Phthiriasis palpebrarum

Answer 5

an infection of the eyelashes caused by Phthirus pubis

Question 6

Layers of the eyelid

Question 7

1. Skin Layer

Answer 7

thin layer of skin that contains fine hairs, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. The skin layer of the eyelid is unique because it is the thinnest in the body and contains no fat

Question 8

2. Subcutaneous areolar layer

Answer 8

thin layer of loose connective tissue that lies between the outer skin and the underlying orbicularis. The upper lid (of) contains the levator of aponeurosis as it travels to its insertion within the skin and upper tarsal plate

Question 9

3. Orbicularis layer

Answer 9

Contains the palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi, one of the muscles of facial expression innervated by CN VII

Question 10

a. Orbicularis oculi

Answer 10

2 portions: Orbital portion and Palpebral portion

Question 11

i. Orbital portion

Answer 11

attaches to the orbital margins and extends outward. Used for forced closure of the eyelids

Question 12

ii. Palpebral portion

Answer 12

used for spontaneous and reflex blinking. contains two specialized areas

Question 13

2 specialized areas of palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi

Answer 13

1. Muscle of Riolan - referred to as the pars ciliaris
2. Muscle of Horner - referred to as pars lacrimalis

Question 14

1. Muscle of Riolan (palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi)

Answer 14

The most superficial portion of the orbicularis oculi (subtarsal portion) that keeps the lid margin tightly applied to the globe during eye movements; may contribute to rotating the eye-lashes toward the eye during eyelid closure

Question 15

2. Muscle of horner (^)

Answer 15

consists of fibers from the orbicularis (originating from the posterior lacrimal crest and fascia of the lacrimal sac) that encircle the canaliculi and help drain tears into the lacrimal sac

Question 16

Ectropion

Answer 16

paralysis of the orbicularis will cause the lower eyelid to droop away from the globe, resulting in

Question 17

Back to the layers of the eyelid categories

Question 18

4. Submuscular areolar layer

Answer 18

thin layer of loose ct that is between the orbicularis and orbital septum. Upper lid (of) contains the levator aponeurosis and palpebral portion of main lacrimal gland. Peripheral and marginal arcades are present in this layer within the upper and lower eyelids

Question 19

5. Orbital septum

Answer 19

dense irregular ct that serves as a barrier to the orbit in the upper and lower eyelids. Prevents fat from falling down onto the lid margins and keeps infections localized to anterior part of the eyelid, away from the orbit

Question 20

(info within orbital septum) A. Periorbita

Answer 20

loosely covers the orbital bones and projects anteriorly to become the orbital septum and posteriorly to fuse with the dura of optic nerve