Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Ocular Disease > Eyelids 2 > Flashcards

Eyelids 2 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q
A

Congenital Ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A

Acquired Ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why does congenital ptosis usually occur?

A

Dystrophic levator muscle causing a ptosis that decreases in down gaze resulting in a weak or no crease in the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the crease appear in acquired ptosis?

A

Higher than usual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is an acquired ptosis affected in downgaze?

A

Level with or lower than normal lid in downgaze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is an acquired ptosis affected throughout the day?

A

May increase with stress, fatigue (diurnal variation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the normal cutoff for palpebral fissure measurement?

A

7mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the normal cutoff for marginal reflex distance 1?

A

4mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the normal cutoff for levator function?

A

11mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the normal cutoff for marginal crease distance?

A

8mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is pseudoptosis?

A

Something that looks like a ptosis but actually isn’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a common cause of pseudophthalmos?

A

Thyroid Eye Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should you do if you find pseudoptosis?

A

Consider exophthalmometry

Check for Lagophthalmos

Probe for systemic symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is dermatochalasis and how much it cause pseudoptosis?

A

Loose and redundant tissue that may drape over the superior lid tissue over septum or lid margin. Usually occurs bilaterally.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who does dermatochalasis normally occur in?

A

Middle to older age groups

Familial tendancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why might this abnormality occur?

A

CN3 palsy secondary to cavernous sinus meningioma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In a ptosis workup what should you assess with the slit lamp?

A

Upper eyelid via eversion

Tears

Cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Should you test visual fields in a ptosis patient?

A

Yes, with and without eyelid taping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some other studies you can conduct for your ptosis workup?

A

Ice Pack Test (Myasthenia gravis)

Cocaine test (Horner’s syndrome)

Imaging (CT/MRI: for suspected orbital mass)

Labs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a neurogenic ptosis?

A

Nerve issue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a myogenic ptosis?

A

Dysgenesis of the levator muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is an aponeurotic ptosis?

A

When the levator aponeurosis dislodges or isn’t functioning correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a mechanical ptosis?

A

Caused by excess weight of the upper lid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is ectropion?
Outwardly turned eyelid margin
26
What are the signs and symptoms of ectropion?
Epiphora Irritation Redness
27
What are the common etiologies of ectropion?
Involution Paralytic Cicatricial Mechanical Allergic Congenital
28
What nerve palsy may cause ectropion?
CN 7 palsy
29
What would you expect to see under the slit lamp in a patient with ectropion?
Conjunctival injection Exposure keratopathy
30
What is the common treatment for ectropion?
Artificial tears Lubricating ointment Eyelid taping at night
31
How do you treat ectropion if the eyelid is inflammed?
Warm compresses Bacitracin or Erythromycin TID
32
When do you refer ectropion to oculoplastics?
Long-standing, stable Significant corneal exposure
33
What is entropion?
Inwardly turned eyelid margin that pushes otherwise normal lashes into globe
34
What are some signs and symptoms of entropion?
Irritation Foreign body sensation Tearing Redness
35
What should you expect in slit lamp examination of entropion?
Eyelid scarring Conjunctival injection Corneal involvement (PEE/SPK) Corneal Thinning/Ulceration
36
What are the treatment for entropion?
Artificial tears Bandage soft contact lens Eyelid taping Treatment for PEE (erythromycin or bacitracin TID)
37
When do you refer entropion to oculoplastics?
Permanent correction or significant corneal damage
38
Floppy Eyelid Syndrome
39
How does Floppy Eyelid Sydrome present?
Chronically red irritated eyes Mild mucous discharge Usually bilateral, asymmetric Typically seen in obese males
40
Why are symptoms of floppy eyelid syndrome worse upon awakening?
Due to eyelid eversion at night
41
What are the suspected etiologies of Floppy Eyelid Syndrome?
Abnormality of collagen and elastin fibers Spontaneous eversion of the upper eyelid during sleep Superior palpebral conj rubs against the pillow or sheets
42
What are some common associations with Floppy Eyelid Syndrome?
Keratoconus Skin hyperelasticity and joint hypermobility Obstructive sleep apnea (Normal tension glaucoma) Diabetes Mental Retardation
43
What questionnaire is used in diagnosing sleep apnea?
**S**noring **T**ired **O**bserved Blood **P**ressure **B**MI **A**ge **N**eck Circumference **G**ender
44
How do you treat floppy eyelid syndrome?
Avoid sleeping facedown Eye shields or eyelid taping Lubricating ointment Treatment for PEE (erythromycin or bacitracin)
45
46
What bacteria cause anterior blepharitis?
Staphylcoccal Sebhorrhoeic
47
What are the symptoms of blepharitis?
Burning Grittiness Associated dry eye symptoms
48
What is this staphylococcal sign?
Collarettes
49
What is this staphylococcal sign of blepharitis?
Increased vascularization
50
What is this staphylococcal sign of blepharitis?
Trichiasis and irregular lid margin
51
What are the seborrhoeic signs of blepharitis?
Greasy anterior lid margin Stuck together lashes Soft scales
52
What is blepharitis treatment?
Use a washcloth to wipe gently against lashes and lid margins Topical antibiotic ointment (erythromycin or bacitrcin oph ung)
53
Why should you be wary of intractable, unilateral or asymmetric blepharitis?
Manifestation of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid.
54
What causes Posterior blepharitis/meibomitis?
Meibomian gland dysfunction Changes in meibum
55
What does meibomitis lead to?
Ocular surface irritation Increased tear evaporation Hyperosmolarity Unstable tear film
56
Seborrhoeic
57
Meibomitis
58
What are the symptoms of meibomitis?
Burning Grittiness Associated dry eye symptoms
59
Meibomitis
60
What are some treatments for meibomitis?
Hot compresses and massage Tetracyclines
61
What are the contraindications of tetracyclines?
Pregnant/nursing women Children \<2 years old Consider erythromycin 200mg BID

Ocular Disease (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions