Eyes

Question 1

what could be causing a visual disturbance that looks like a curtain coming down

Answer 1

retinal detachment

Question 2

what are causes of sudden loss of vision

Answer 2

retinal detachment
vitreous hemorrhage
central retinal artery occlusion
CVA
trauma

Question 3

what comorbid disease is common to have central retinal artery occlusion

Answer 3

temporal arteritis

Question 4

What can cause gradual loss of vision

Answer 4

aging
cataracts, glaucoma
HIV
autoimmune
DM
congential
macular degeneragtion
neoplasms like retinoblastomas
psudeotumor cerebri

Question 5

What is hyperopia

Answer 5

farsighteness, difficulty seeing near

Question 6

what is myopia

Answer 6

nearsightedness, difficulty seeing far

Question 7

what is presbyopia

Answer 7

aging vision, progressive difficulty seeing near objects

lens can’t accommodate as well

Question 8

what is diplopia

Answer 8

double vision

Question 9

what is heterophoria and the types

Answer 9

failure of the visual axes to remain parallel
esophoria- one eye deviates inward
exophoira- one eye deviates outward

Question 10

how can you tell if eyes are looking forward when checking for heterophoria. “cover test”

Answer 10

the good eye will focus on the light in pupil

Question 11

first part of eye exam

Answer 11

visual acuity

Question 12

what eye chart do you use for far vision

Answer 12

snellen eye chart 20 ft away

Question 13

what eye chart do you use for near vision

Answer 13

hand held card at 14

Question 14

how far away can someone with 20/20 read newspaper

Answer 14

14ft

Question 15

someone with corrective lenses how do you do the exam

Answer 15

with then without lenses

Question 16

what is OD OS OU in reference to eye examination

Answer 16

OD is right
OS is left
OU is both eyes

Question 17

what is homonymous hemianposia

Answer 17

cannot see R half visual field both eyes

Question 18

what is bitemporal hemianopsia

Answer 18

cannot see lateral visual fields

Question 19

what is quadrantic defect visual field

Answer 19

same 1/4 visual field is gone both eyes

Question 20

what do people with ectropion eyelids complain of

Answer 20

constant tearing since eye lid is turned out

Question 21

what is the bulbar conjuctiva

Answer 21

cover anterior eye

Question 22

what is the palpebral conjuctiva

Answer 22

lines eyelids

Question 23

what condition can cause blue eyelids

Answer 23

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 24

What makes the sclera white in your eyes

Answer 24

Ca

Question 25

What is the term anisocoira

Answer 25

unequal pupils greater than 0.5mm

Question 26

describe parts of pupillary reaction to light

Answer 26

direct and indirect(consensual)

Question 27

neuroargyle pupil

Answer 27

accommodates but does not react | neuro syphilis

Question 28

what is nystagmus

Answer 28

fine rhythmic oscillations of eyes at the extreme lateral gaze

Question 29

what is the function of the lens disc on ophthalmoscope

Answer 29

diopters (amount of focus)

Question 30

When looking at optic disk what do you look for

Answer 30

clarify disc margin color of disc look for central small white depression known as the central physiologic cup

Question 31

When looking at the optic disc what direction do you span out

Answer 31

medially first then superior inferior | LAST is laterally to look at macula since so sensitive for patients

Question 32

bitemporal hemianopsia is a lesion where

Answer 32

optic chiasm | pituitary tumor?

Question 33

what is pinguecula

Answer 33

small nodule on the bulbar conjunctiva | noes not cross over cornea

Question 34

what is a pterygium

Answer 34

thickening of bulbar conjunctiva which grows across cornea

Question 35

what is a sty

Answer 35

infection at margin of eyelid

Question 36

what is chalazion

Answer 36

painless nodule involving meibomian gland

Question 37

what is xanthelasma

Answer 37

flat yellow plaque under eye | hyperlipidemia, cholesterol

Question 38

what is ptosis

Answer 38

dropoing eyelid

Question 39

what is horner's syndrome

Answer 39

ptosis, miosis and andyrosis (lesion in sympathetics)

Question 40

what disease involves CN VII

Answer 40

bells palsy

Question 41

what is conjunctivitis

Answer 41

infection or inflammation of the conjunctiva | discomfort, discharge and topical antibiotics

Question 42

what is subconjunctival hemorrhage

Answer 42

leakage of blood under conjunctiva | painless, sharply demarcated, resolves on its own

Question 43

what is it if blood vessels are coming from lens out. "sun burst"

Answer 43

eye emergency | painful with light

Question 44

what is a hyphema

Answer 44

blood in anterior chamber due to trauma

Question 45

what is a papilledema

Answer 45

disc swollen with blurred margins. cup not visible | increased intracranial pressure

Question 46

what is glaucomatous cupping

Answer 46

increased intraocular pressure causing an increased disc cupping

Question 47

What is AV nicking

Answer 47

arterial walls become thickened and lose transparency | atheroscleroritc changes. artery nicks the veins

Question 48

what are cotton wool patches in eye

Answer 48

infarcted nerve fibers seen in hypertensive retinopathy