Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

This term is used to describe a unilateral deficit of neuro-visual pathways that favors the visual input from the dominate eye

A

Ambloypia

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2
Q

The Red reflex should be tested at each visit. What does this test allow the NP to do?

A

Red reflex should be present and symmetrical. If not, consider: Refractive errors, strabismic deviation, abnormal occular media

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3
Q

Abnormal occular media findings include:

A

Cataract, corneal abnormalities, retinoblastoma

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4
Q

If a red reflex is not obtainable, a good rule of thumb is:

A

If the provider can not see into the eye, the patient can not see out.

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5
Q

A mal-alignment of the eyes is called:

A

Strabismus

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6
Q

Pseudo-strabismus occurs when:

A

There is an extra-optic cause of the mal-alignment. Such as: a structural visual field obscuration, Ptosis, closely placed eyes, prominent epicanathal folds.

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7
Q

Near-sightedness is called:

A

Myopia

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8
Q

Far-sightedness is called

A

Hyperopia

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9
Q

An abnormal curvature of the cornea or an uneven lens is is called:

A

Astigmatism

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10
Q

Regarding strabismus, what is the difference between tropia and phoria?

A

Tropia: a consistent or intermittent misalignment of ocular position that the child can not correct with focus or fixation
Phoria: An intermittent misalignment of the of ocular position that the child can correct with focus or fixation

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11
Q

What is the other name for Ptosis? (droopy eyelid)

A

Blepharoptosis

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12
Q

What is the term used to describe a different refractory error in each eye? (each eye requires different correction)

A

Anisometropia

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13
Q

A newborn can have strabismus and/or nystagmus until about what age?

A

5-6 months old

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14
Q

Name four types of nystagmic motions

A

Horizontal, Vertical, Rotary, Mixed

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15
Q

What is the most common cause of abnormal pupillary reflex?

A

Cataracts

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16
Q

This disease is a disturbance in the circulation of aqueous fluid that results in increased IOP and damage to the optic nerve

17
Q

30% of patients with glaucoma will manifest the “Classic Triad” of glaucoma. What comprises the triad?

A

Tearing, photophobia and excessive blinking

18
Q

Children most at risk for ROP include:

A

Those born at less than 30 weeks gestation
Birth weight less than 1500 grams
Those born <34 weeks with “unstable hospital course”

19
Q

The most common finding in retinoblastoma is

A

Strabismus

also: a unilateral or bilateral leukokoria (a white pupil

20
Q

What are the 6 types of conjunctivitis?

A
  1. Opthalmia neonatorum
  2. Bacterial conjunctivitis
  3. Chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
  4. Viral conjunctivitis
  5. Allergic conjunctivitis
  6. Inclusion Conjunctivitis*
21
Q

Define Hordeolum:

A

Tender, Red Furuncle on the eye lid. Acute development. It is a result of an infection of the sebaceous or meibomian glands of the eyelid. Also called a “Stye”

22
Q

Define Chalazion:

A

Slow progressive, non-tender erythemia of the eyelid. It is a result of lipogranuloma of the meibomian gland

23
Q

Define Blepharitis:

A

an inflammation of the eyelash follicles or glands of the eyelids. Often bilateral. Often caused by contaminated contact lenses or eye makeup.

24
Q

Define Dacrostenosis:

A

An abnormal obstruction of the nasolactimal duct that prevents tears from flowing into the nasal mucosa. It is common in neonates and usually resolves.

25
Define Dacrocystitis:
An inflammation of the nasolacimal duct with resultant infection. Can occur in URI, and with those with craniofacial disorders and Down's syndrome.
26
Kerititis and Corneal ulcerations are both considered
Ophthalmologic Emergencies because the can cause blindness
27
A sign of Uveitis is (infection of the anterior chamber)
Hypopyon (A puddle of pus at the bottom of the anterior chamber)
28
A visual "shower of floaters" or flashes of light in a visual feild is indicative of
Retinal detachment
29
Define Hyphema
An accumulation (puddle) of blood in the anterior chamber as a result of blunt occular trauma.
30
Chemical burns to the eye need to be irrigated until the tear film pH level reaches what range?
7.3-7.7 | Then recheck it 30 minutes later.