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FNP Boards > Eyes > Flashcards

Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the #1 priority when a patient comes in with an eye complaint?

A

Assess for visual acuity

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2
Q

What does it mean if the patient has 20/40 vision?

A

They see at 20 feet what a normal person sees at 40 feet

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3
Q

What is legally blind?

A

20/200

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4
Q

Strabismus (crossed eyes) eventually leads to a lazy eye. A lazy eye is also known as ________.

A

Amylopia

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5
Q

What are the 4 cranial nerves related to the eye?

A

2, 3, 4, 6

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6
Q

What is the name of cranial nerve 2 and what does it do?

A

Optic - looks at actual vision

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7
Q

What is the name of cranial nerve 3 and what does it do?

A

Oculomotor - allows for eyes to focus

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8
Q

What is the name of cranial nerve 4 and what does it do?

A

Trochlear - allows for downward and inward movement of eyes

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9
Q

What is the name of cranial nerve 6 and what does it do?

A

Abducens - allows for outward movement and looking to the side

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10
Q

On an eye exam, arteries are going to look _______ and _______ in color compared to veins.

A

Thinner and lighter

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11
Q

Swelling of the optic disc. This requires a referral.

A

Papilledema

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12
Q

What 2 findings on a fundoscopic exam can be reversed with better blood pressure control?

A
  1. Copper wire arteries

2. AV nicking

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13
Q

When an artery crosses into a vein and causes it to bulge.

A

AV Nicking

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14
Q

What 3 fundoscopic exam findings are associated with diabetes?

A
  1. Cotton wool spots
  2. Neovascularization
  3. Microaneurysms
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15
Q

Tiny white areas on the retina caused by lack of blood flow.

A

Cotton wool spots

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16
Q

The retina is robbed of its blood supply so it grows new. These vessels are defective and fragile so they can cause a bleed which results in impaired vision.

A

Neovascularization

17
Q

Seen as deep red dots on a fundoscopic exam. Usually the first visible sign of diabetic retinopathy.

A

Microaneurysms

18
Q

Sudden onset of severe eye pain with reduced or blurry vision. Eye is firm to the touch. Increased intraoccular pressures. Refer to the ER immediately.

A

Acute angle closure glaucoma

Can result in permanent vision loss

19
Q

Feels like a curtain is being pulled over their eye. Sudden appearance of floaters and flashes of light. Blurred vision.

A

Retinal detachment

Refer immediately

20
Q

Gray halo around the eye caused by increased cholesterol. OK if seen in an elderly person. If seen in a young individual, draw lipid panel and treat.

A

Arcus senillis

21
Q

Yellow cholesterol deposits seen around the eye. OK if seen in an elderly person. If seen in a young individual, draw lipid panel and treat.

A

Xanthelasma

22
Q

Benign, noncancerous overgrowth of the conjunctiva that encroaches on the cornea. Generally asymptomatic other than having eye redness.

A

Pterygium

23
Q

Benign, noncancerous overgrowth of the conjunctiva that doesn’t encroach on the cornea. Generally asymptomatic other than having eye redness.

A

Pinguecula

24
Q

Blockage of a duct. Treat with warm compresses.

A

Chalazion

25
Q

Sudden onset of localized swelling of the eyelid. Typically see purulent drainage. Treat with antibiotics and warm compresses.

A

Hordeolum

Also known as sty

26
Q

What are the 3 types of conjunctivitis?

A
  1. Viral
  2. Bacterial
  3. Allergic
27
Q

Type of conjunctivitis:

Increased tearing, red or pink eyes, and mild swelling of eyelids. Usually effects both eyes.

A

Allergic

28
Q

Type of conjunctivitis:

Purulent drainage. Easy to spread between people. Ask if others have symptoms too.

A

Bacterial

29
Q

Type of conjunctivitis:

Watery discharge with enlarged preauricular node.

A

Viral

30
Q

Absent red reflex. Trouble driving at night.

A

Cataracts

31
Q

Central vision loss that is usually age related

A

Macular degeneration

32
Q

Common in patients with Bell’s Palsy who don’t lubricate their eyes enough. Diagnosed with fluoresce staining.

A

Corneal abrasion

33
Q

Eye pain, sensitivity to light, not able to see well, whole eye is red, and inflammation and swelling of the iris.

A

Irisitis

FNP Boards (14 decks)

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