Eyjafjallajokull - Volcano Case Study Flashcards
(26 cards)
What was E-16 rated on the VEI?
VEI-3.
When did E-16 last erupt?
April 2010.
How many commercial flights were halted for a week following the eruption of E-16?
Around 100,000.
What was the economic impact of E-16 estimated to be?
Around £3 billion.
Was the lava flow from E-16 mainly pahoehoe or aa?
Mainly aa but pahoehoe was present (mainly in the west).
How many tonnes of CO2 were prevented from being emitted due to the grounding of European flights after the E-16 eruption?
2.8 million tonnes.
How did the E-16 eruption benefit the Eurostar?
The Eurostar saw a rise of 1/3 of customers, with an extra 50,000 passengers on their trains.
How did the E-16 eruption benefit the North Atlantic?
Ash from the eruption deposited into the North Atlantic, triggering a plankton boom which caused an increase in biological productivity.
Where is E-16 located?
On the Mid-Atlantic ridge in southern Iceland at 63.63°N.
What are the primary effects of the E-16 eruption?
Homes and buildings damaged.
Roads damaged.
Services disrupted.
Crops destroyed from ash.
Share prices in major airlines dropped.
A no-fly zone was imposed.
How much did major airline shares drop during the eruption of E-16?
Between 2.5% and 3.3%.
What were the secondary effects of the E-16 eruption?
Fresh food imports to Europe were stopped.
Local water supplies were contaminated with fluoride.
Flooding caused as the glacier melted.
Workers were laid off in Kenya.
According to Kenya’s flower council, how much money did the country lose as a result of the E-16 eruption?
$1.3 million each day.
How many workers were laid off in Kenya as a result of the E-16 eruption? And why?
5000, after flowers and vegetables were left rotting at the airports.
What percentage of Kenya’s flowers are exported to Europe?
97%.
What is Iceland’s population distribution like?
Almost entirely urban, with more than half of the population located in and around the capital, Reykjavik. Rural inhabitants are usually found along the coast in the NW.
What was Iceland’s population in 2010?
318,000.
What was Iceland’s GDP in 2010?
US$13.75 billion (having fallen hard from US$21.65 due to the 2008 financial crisis)
What was Iceland’s GDP per capita in 2010?
US$43,200 (having fallen from US$69,500 due to the 2008 financial crisis)
Where was Iceland placed on global HDI rankings in 2007?
1st.
What are Iceland’s main industries?
Tourism, biotechnology and software production.
What was the percentage increase of tourists coming to Iceland between 2010 and 2017?
400%
In 2016, how many times bigger than Iceland’s population did tourists exceed the population by?
Fourfold.
What percentage of Europe’s traffic was grounded over an 8 day period as a result of the E-16 eruption?
48%.
