F Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the general formula for alcohols?
ROH, where R is an alkyl group.
How can alcohols be identified using a chromic acid test?
Alcohols can be oxidized by chromic acid to form aldehydes or ketones, which can be detected by a color change.
True or False: Alcohols react with sodium metal to produce hydrogen gas.
True
Fill in the blank: Alcohols can be classified as __________ or __________ based on the number of hydroxyl groups present.
primary, secondary, tertiary
What is Lucas reagent used for in the identification of alcohols?
Lucas reagent is used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on their reactivity with the reagent.
Structurally : An alcohol is a composite of an ______ & _______.
Alkane and water , contains an alkane –like alkyl group & a water – like hydroxyl group.
It is the _______group that gives the alcohol it’s characteristic physical properties, & the alkyl group , depending on it’s _____ and ______ , modifies these properties .
-OH. Size and shape
____________are organic compounds of the general formula ROH, where R is any alkyl or substituted alkyl group,
The group may be primary , secondary or tertiary according to the kind of carbon that bears the –OH group
Alcohols
It may be open chain or cyclic.
It may contain a halogen atom, additional hydroxyls, or a double bonds or an aromatic ring.
What (it) refers to?
Alcohols
Compounds in which the–OH group is attached directly to an aromatic ring is not alcohols , they are
__________ , and differ from the alcohols.
Phenols
Alcohols are colorless liquids with a special faint odor.
T/F
T
Aliphatic alcohols burn with blue flame
(without smoke), while aromatic alcohols burn with
yellow smoky flame.
T/F
T
Two types of alcohols:
1-
2-
1-aliphatic alcohols
2-aromatic alcohols
B.p. of alcohols are considerably
high, it increases as the m.wt. increases
T/F
T
alcohols haven’t the ability to form H-bond.
T/F
F, alcohols have the ability to form H-bond
Alcohols are neutral compounds that don’t change the shape of litmus paper.
T/F
F, Alcohols are neutral compounds that don’t change the color of litmus paper.
All reactions of alcohols are related to its active hydroxyl group & are of two types:
1-
2-
1-Removal of the -OH group itself as in the reaction with
hydrogen halides to form alkyl halides or in the dehydration reaction to form a double bond .
2-Removal of the proton only from the active hydroxyl as in the formation of esters.
Ceric ammonium nitrate,(yellow solution), is an oxidizing agent that reacts with alcohols to give a _______complex & with
phenols to give a _______ to greenish brown precipitate.
Red
Brown
Each mole of the alcohol requires ______moles of the reagent.
Two
Lucas reagent is prepared from?
Lucas reagent is prepared from anhydrous zinc chloride & concentrated HCl.
ZnCl2 is added to increase the ionization of HCl.
__________ alcohols are faster in the formation of conjugated halides than __________ alcohols.
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary alcohols and methanol don’t react and don’t form two layers.
T/F
T
The reaction depends on the formation of a stable carbonium ion. The more stable the carbonium ion formed, the faster the reaction is.
T/F
T
