F Block Michaelmas Definitions: Resource Management

Question 1

Resources

Answer 1

A stock or supply of something which has a value or a purpose. The three most important are energy, food and water

Question 2

LIC

Answer 2

A low income country: $1045 GNI per capita or below

Question 3

HIC

Answer 3

A high income country: $12746 GNI per capita or above

Question 4

Newly Emerging Economy (NEEs)

Answer 4

Countries which have begun to experience high rates of economic development, usually with rapid industrialisation. They differ from LICs in that they no longer rely primarily on agriculture, have made foams in infrastructure and industrial growth and are experiencing increasing incomes and high levels of investment. E.g Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS)

Question 5

Resource Management

Answer 5

The control and monitoring of resources so that they do not become depleted or exhausted

Question 6

Industrialisation

Answer 6

The increase in processing of raw materials and the manufacture of goods in factories

Question 7

Agribusiness

Answer 7

Application of business skills to agriculture

Question 8

Local Food Sourcing

Answer 8

A method of food production and distribution that is local and are distributed over much shorter distances

Question 9

Malnutrition

Answer 9

A poorly-balanced diet lacking in vitamins and minerals which leads to health problems

Question 10

Undernutrition

Answer 10

Not having enough food in terms of calories consumed per day.

Question 11

Food Miles

Answer 11

The distance covered supplying food to consumers

Question 12

Organic Produce

Answer 12

Food which is produced using environmentally friendly and animal friendly farming methods. Artificial fertilisers are banned and farmers develop fertile soil by rotating crops and using compost, manure and clover. It must be free of synthetic additives like pesticides and dyes

Question 13

Fossil Fuels

Answer 13

A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past, from remains of living organisms

Question 14

Carbon Footprint

Answer 14

A measurement of all the greenhouse gases that we individually produce, through burning fossil fuels for electricity and transport etc, expressed as tonnes (or kg) of carbon-dioxide equivalent

Question 15

Ecological Footprint

Answer 15

A measurement of how much area of biologically productive land and water an individual (or population) requires to produce all the resources needed to sustain the lifestyle and to absorb the waste that is generated. The ecological footprint is measured in global hectares

Question 16

Water scarcity

Answer 16

This refers to the problem in which there is a lack of sufficient fresh water to meet the demands of people in a particular region (such as water for farming and/or household use). It is estimated that nearly 3 billion people in the world experience problems of water scarcity (of which around 800 million people lack regular access to safe, clean drinking water)