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FSS - INTERGRATED SCIENCE > F2 - SEM2 - Sensing the Environment - 10.3 Hearing > Flashcards

F2 - SEM2 - Sensing the Environment - 10.3 Hearing Flashcards

1
Q

Why is hearing important us?

Production of sound

A
  • allow us to communicate
  • avoid danger

Production of sound

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2
Q

How sound is produced?

Production of sound

A

vibration of object produces sound

Production of sound

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3
Q

Explain how sound is produced by musical instruments below

Drum, Violin, Dizi, Guzheng, Trumpet, Piano

Transmission of sound

A

vibration of string - Violin, Guzheng, Piano
vibration of letter parts - Drum
vibration of air columns - Dizi, Trumpet

Transmission of sound

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4
Q

Explain how sound is transmitted

Transmission of sound

A

vibration of object
-> air particles in the surrounding vibrates
-> vibrations are transmitted through air to our ear
-> ear detect the vibration of air particles
-> we hear the sound produced

Transmission of sound

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5
Q

What is needed for sound to travel? please give some examples.

Transmission of sound

A

medium is need for sound to travel
e.g. gases, liquids and solid

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6
Q

Does sound travel at same speed in different medium?
Compare the speed of sound tranmitted in solid, liquid and gases

Transmission of sound

A
  • sound travels at different speed in different media
  • fastest in solid, slower in liquid and slowest in gases

Transmission of sound

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7
Q

Can sound travel through vaccum? Why?

Transmission of sound

A
  • sound cannot travel through vaccum
  • no particles are present to transmit the vibration of objects

Transmission of sound

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8
Q

What are the 6 structures of our ear? How do we hear?

Structure of our ear + How we hear?

A
  1. Pinna - collect sound in the surrounding
  2. Ear canal - sound travels along ear canal and hits the eardrum
  3. Eardrum - sound causes the eardrum to vibrate
  4. Ear bones - ear bones amplify the vibration of eardrum and pass them on the inner ear
  5. Cochlea - specialised sensory cells in Cochlea for detect vibration and send out message
  6. Auditory nerve - message are sent along the auditory nerve to brain for interpretation

Structure of our ear + How we hear?

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9
Q

What is frequency and its unit?

Audible frequency range of humans

A
  • Frequency is number of vibration per sound
  • unit is Herz

Audible frequency range of humans

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10
Q

How is frequency related to vibration and pitch?

Audible frequency range of humans

A

higher frequency
=> higher vibration
=> higher pitch

Audible frequency range of humans

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11
Q

What is the audible frequency range of human?

Audible frequency range of humans

A
  • 20 to 20,000Hz
  • different persons have different ranges
  • become narrower when getting old

Audible frequency range of humans

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12
Q

What is the audible frequency range of below animals?

dog, dolphin, bat

Audible frequency range of humans

A

dog - 67 to 45,000Hz
dolphin - 75 to 150,000Hz
bat - 1,000 to 150,000Hz

Audible frequency range of humans

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13
Q

What is the frequency of ultrasound?

Audible frequency range of humans

A

over 20,000Hz

Audible frequency range of humans

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14
Q

What is the frequency produced by dog whistle?

Audible frequency range of humans

A

22,000Hz

Audible frequency range of humans

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15
Q

What is noise?

Noise pollution

A

unwanted sound

Noise pollution

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16
Q

What are main sources of noise in Hong Kong?

Noise pollution

A
  • traffic
  • construction works
  • machinery

Noise pollution

17
Q

What is the unit of sound level or loudiness of sound?

Noise pollution

A

Decibels (dB)

Noise pollution

18
Q

What is the sound level of each below?

country park
normal talking
moving MTR / road drilling

Noise pollution

A
  • country park - 0 to 40 (LOW)
  • normal talking - 40 to 80 (MEDIUM)
  • moving MTR / road drilling - over 80 (HIGH)

Noise pollution

19
Q

What is the tools used to measure the sound level / loudiness of sound?

Noise pollution

A
  • decibel meter
  • sound level meter

Noise pollution

20
Q

What are the effects of noise pollution?

Noise pollution

A
  • disturb our sleep and cause mental stress
  • hurt our ear - prolonged exposure to noise over 85dB damaged specialised sensory cells in the cochlea and damages cannot be recovered

Noise pollution

21
Q

How to protect our ears?

Noise pollution

A
  • stay away from noise places
  • wear ear protector during nosiy work
  • keep the volume low when using earphone
  • don’t pick year ears with hard objects

Noise pollution

22
Q

What are the actions taken by government to control noise pollution?

Noise pollution

A
  • build noise barrier along busy roads and railways
  • use special material to cover road surface
  • limit the time for noisy contruction works

Noise pollution

FSS - INTERGRATED SCIENCE (35 decks)

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