F332 Chemistry Flashcards
(25 cards)
What makes Instantaneous dipole - Induced dipole bonds stronger?
Long carbon chain
Straight carbon chain
Increases the molecular surface area
What effect does increasing the concentration of the reactants have on the position of equilibrium?
Shifts right
So more product is formed
What are the 3 things that effect ionisation enthalpies?
Atomic radius
Nuclear charge
Electron shielding
What causes a large increase in an ionisation enthalpy?
When a new shell is broken into
Do first ionisation enthalpies increase or decrease down a group?
And why?
Decrease
As there is a greater atomic radius, so there’s less nuclear attraction, and greater electron shielding
What effect does decreasing the pressure of a reaction have on the position of equilibrium?
Shifts to the side with the most gas molecules
Do first ionisation enthalpies increase or decrease across a period?
Why?
Increase
More protons, so stronger nuclear attraction
What is the colour of bromine in an organic compound (hexane)
Orange/red
Do halogens get more or less reactive as you go down the group?
Why?
Less
Need to gain an electron, as you go down he atomic radius increases, so harder to attract
What effect does increasing the pressure of a reaction have on the position of equilibrium?
Shifts to the side with he fewest gas molecules
Intermediates are formed in what kind of catalysation?
Homogenous
State the calculation for Energy (from radiation)
E = hv
Planck’s constant x frequency
What is electronegativity?
The ability to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
State the colour precipitate formed when the following halides are added to silver nitrate solution
Fluoride
Chloride
Bromide
Iodide
Fluoride - no precipitate (as soluble)
Chloride - white
Bromide - cream
Iodide - yellow
Z-isomers mean what?
The largest groups are on the same side of the doubles bond
What is the colour of iodine in an organic compound (hexane)
Pink/violet
Does the boiling point of halogenoalkanes increase or decrease down the group?
Why?
Increase
As the atomic radius increases, so id - id intermolecular bonds are stronger
What is a propagation reaction?
A reaction where a radical is present in both the reactant and the products
What does ozone help form in heavily industrialised areas
Photochemical smog
Where is the C=O bond in an aldehyde?
At the end of the carbon chain
What effect does increasing the temperature of a reaction have on the position of equilibrium?
Shifts in the endothermic direction
State the features of thermosetting polymers
No cross links
Weak intermolecular forces holding the chains together
Can melt and remould
E-isomers mean what?
The largest groups are on opposite sides of the doubles bond
Cis isomers are for………
Z isomers
