F4. Membranstruktur

Question 1

Show how the cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer and explain

Answer 1

Question 2

Explain what gives human red blood cells their charateristic.

Answer 2

Question 3

Explain why a hydrophilic molecule attracts water molecules

Answer 3

Question 4

Explain why a hydrophobic molecule tends to avoid water.

Answer 4

Question 5

Explain what transmembrane hydrophilic pore is and how it can be formed.

Answer 5

Question 6

Explain how a tranmembrane polypeptide chain crosses the lipid bilayer

Answer 6

Question 7

Explain how and why apiphatic phospholipids form a bilayer in water.

Answer 7

Question 8

Explain bacteriorhodopsins function

Answer 8

Question 9

Explain the structure of cell membranes

Answer 9

Question 10

Explain how cell membranes act as a selective barrier

Answer 10

Question 11

Explain how and which lipid stiffens the cell membrane

Answer 11

Question 12

Explain which types of membrane lipis are amphipathic

Answer 12

Question 13

Explain why eukaryotic cells are coated with sugars

Answer 13

Question 14

Explain why fat molecules are entirely hydrophobic

Answer 14

Question 15

Explain why flippaes help to establish and maintain the asymmetric distribution of phospholipids characteristic of animal cell membrane

Answer 15

Question 16

Explain the formation of mouse-human hybrid cells that shows some plasma membrane proteins can move laterally in the lipid bilaye

Answer 16

Question 17

show how the internal membranes form different compartments in a eukaryotic cel

Answer 17

Question 18

show how membrane phospholipids move within the lipid bilayer

Answer 18

Question 19

show how the membrane proteins are restricted to particular domains of the plasma membrane of epithelial cells in the gut

Answer 19

Question 20

Show how membrane proteins can associate with the lipid bilayer in different ways

Answer 20

Question 21

show how membrane proteins can be soluilized by a mild detergent such as triton x-100

Answer 21

Question 22

Explain why membranes retian their orientation during transfer between cell compartments

Answer 22

Question 23

show how mild detergents can be used to solubilize and reconstitute functional membrane proteins

Answer 23

Question 24

show how Newly synthesized phospholipids are added to the
cytosolic side of the ER membrane and then redistributed by
transporters that transfer them from one half of the lipid bilayer
to the other.

Answer 24

Question 25

Show that the phosphatidylcholine is the most common phospholipid in cell membranes

Answer 25

Question 26

Show that Phospholipid bilayers spontaneously close in on themselves to from sealed compartments

Answer 26

Question 27

Show how Phospholipids and glycolipids are distributed asymmetrically in the lipid bilayer of an animal cell plasma membrane.

Answer 27

Question 28

Descirbe how photobleaching techniques such as FRAP can be used to measure the rate of lateral diffusion of a membrane protein.

Answer 28

Question 29

Dsecribe how Plasma membrane proteins have a variety of functions

Answer 29

Question 30

Show how porin proteins form waterfilled channels in the outer membrane of a bacterium

Answer 30

Question 31

Describe how Proteins show different patterns of diffusion

Answer 31

Question 32

Explain why SDS and triton X-100 are two commonly used detergents

Answer 32

Question 33

Make a table that shows some examples of plasma membrane proteins and their functions.

Answer 33

Question 34

Show that the backbone of a polypeptide chain is hydrophilic

Answer 34

Question 35

Show that The lateral mobility of plasma membrane proteins can be restricted in several ways

Answer 35

Question 36

Describe how the plasma membrane is involved with communications

Answer 36

Question 37

Explain how The recognition of cellsurface carbohydrates on neutrophils allows immune cells to begin to migrate out of the blood and into infected tissues.

Answer 37