F5: Chap 3 Flashcards
Macronutrients
- Carbon (C), Hydrogen, (H) & Oxygen (O)
- Nitrogen
- Potassium
- Calcium
- Magnesium
- Phosphorus
- Sulphur
Nitrogen
Function:
- Gives green colour to plants through formation of chlorophyll
- main component of proteins, nucleic acid, and enzymes in photosynthesis and respiration
- leaves undergo chlorosis (mainly on matured leaves)
- underlying leaves fall of
- protein synthesised disrupted
- stunted growth
Potassium
Function: Important in protein synthesis and carbohydrates metabolism
cofactors of some enzymes
maintain cell wall turgidity
deficiency: Edges of leaves become yellowish
protein synthesis disrupted
premature of death plants
Calcium
Function: Main component of middle lamellae, cell wall and spindle fibre during cell division
deficiency: stunted growth
- leaves becomes distorted and lobed
- parts between leaf veins becomes yellowish
Magnesium
Main component of the structure of chlorophyll molecule
activates some plant enzymes
involved in carbohydrates metabolism
deficiency: part between matured leaf veins becomes yellowish
red spots on leaf surface
lobed leaves
Phosphorus
F: Synthesised nucleic acids, ATP, and phospholipids in plasma membrane
coenzymes in photosynthesis and respiration
D: Unhealthy root growth
formation of dark green and dull coloured leaves
red or purple spot appear on older leaves.
Sulphur
F: Components of few amino acids
Vitamin B constituent
few types of coenzymes
D: Leaves whole plants turn yellow
Chlorine
F: equilibrium osmotic pressure in cells during photosynthesis
D: Plants Wilt
Slower root growth
lesser fruit production
chlorosis of leaf
Iron (Fe)
F: important in synthesis of chlorophyll
growth of young plants
D: young leaves undergo chlorosis
Manganese (Mn)
F: Activates photosynthetic enzymes
important for cell respiration and nitrogen metabolism
D: network of dark green leaf veins with back ground of light green
light brown or grey spot in between leaf veins
Boron
Helps the roots in calcium ion uptake and translocation of sucrose
Involves in carbohydrate metabolism
Zinc
F: important in leaf formation
Synthesis of auxin
cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism
D: stunted growth
Chlorosis on leaf surface
Copper
F: involve in nitrogen metabolism amd photosynthesis
growth, reproduction and flower formation
D: death of young shoot apex
brown spots on terminal leaves
stunted growth
Nickel (Ni)
a component of plant enzymes in the breakdown of urea into ammonia that can be used by plants
D: stunted growth
reduce crop production
burnt effect due to urea accumulation
Molybdenum (Mo
F: involves in nitrogen fixation and nitrate reduction in photosynthesis
D: chlorosis in between matured leaf veins
leaf colour become pale green
reduce crop production
