FA Musculoskeletal Dz Flashcards
(29 cards)
___ major c/s of musculoskeletal problem in FA
lameness! foot –> rear limb –> lateral claw
cattle put more weight on ___ claw in front, and ___ claw in rear
medial; lateral
lameness grades
1: normal
2: slight, uneven gait
3: slight but obvious
4. obvious, difficulty turning
5. non-weight bearing
hands on physical exam big points
start with foot, clean it well!
hoof testers
percussion
hyper-extend and flex digits
obvious sole lesions?
palpation - heat? swelling?
anatomy of wall
cornified epidermis, keratin; grows 1/2cm/month at toe and 1cm/month at heel
anatomy of sole
softer keratin; thicker towards heel
anatomy of feet
front: larger together then rear; more flat; medial larger
rear: oblong shape, concave; lateral larger
more anatomy
*2 digital tendon sheaths (don’t communicate mostly)
*dorsal interdig cruciate ligaments
*axial interdigital skin
*deep dig flexor tendon attachment
treatment modalities
curettage
wooden blocks or plastic slip ons
joint lavage: distension-irrigation, through and through
arthrotomy/arthrostomy
topical
systemic abx
NSAIDS
prevention!
footrot
infection of interdigital skin and DEEPER structures
footrot etiology
fusobacterium necrophorum (leuko- & endo- toxin) and porphyromonus levii (“spreads” lesion through collagenolytic enzymes)
neither can get through intact skin, both inhabit bovine GI tract (manure)
footrot pathogenesis
compromise of interdig skin;
*24-48 hrs diphtheritic membrane
* 48hrs + can see lesion in entire interdig space
footrot c/s
all ages, one limb (sometimes multiple), mild to non-weight lameness, invades subq tissues, necrotic tissues at edges, swelling/red
footrot treatment
(gram + and -) abx???
footrot sequela & prevention
gets in the coffin joint = complicated foot rot
improve environment, feed addities
bovine contagious interdigital dermatitis (BCID)
acute to chronic inflamm of interdig skin, does NOT extend to deeper tissues; heel horn erosion and undermining of heel bulb
BCID etiology
dichelobacter nodosus + others
BCID c/s
SUPERFICIAL erosions, undermined heel bulbs, mild lameness
BCID treatment and prevention
tx: topical treatments, trim loose tissue;
prev: improve management
papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD)
hairy heel warts; transmissible dermatitis
papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) etiology
spirochete, moisture, zinc deficiency
papillomatous dig derm (PDD) c/s
severe lameness (surprisingly small), usually above heel bulbs around coronary band in interdig space; fronds at periphery; HYPERPLASIA of epidermis
PDD treatment and prevention
tx: clean + oxytetracycline or lincomycin under a bandage; spraying w oxytetra; parenteral abx? - ceftiofur and tulathromycin effective
prevention: mngmt of moisture/filth, spray, vaccine
contagious foot rot - sheep
interdig dermatitis with extension into adjacent epidermal tissue underneath the hard horn
