FA1

Question 1

Correlational, ordinal (qualitative)

Answer 1

Spearman’s correlation coefficient

Question 2

Correlation, interval or ratio (quantitative), non-parametric

Answer 2

Spearman’s correlation coefficient

Question 3

Correlation, interval or ratio (quantitative), parametric

Answer 3

Pearson’s correlation coefficient

Question 4

Experimental, independent groups, ordinal

Answer 4

Mann-Whitney u test

Question 5

Experimental, independent groups, interval or ratio, non-parametric

Answer 5

Mann-Whitney u test

Question 6

Experimental, independent groups, interval or ratio, parametric

Answer 6

T-test (unpaired)

Question 7

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, ordinal

Answer 7

Wilcoxon-signed ranks test

Question 8

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, interval or ratio, non-parametric

Answer 8

Wilcoxon-signed ranks test

Question 9

Experimental, matched participants or repeated measures, interval or ratio, parametric

Answer 9

T-test (paired)

Question 10

Design
* Independent groups design
* Sample Size: 20 participants

Answer 10

Mann-Whitney U
- Independent groups design
- Not normally distributed data as sample is less an 15/group

Question 11

Why do you use mean as a central tendency?

Answer 11

Because there are no outliers

Question 12

Why do you use median as a central tendency?

Answer 12

Because there are outliers

Question 13

Where you are giving your “opinion/rating” =

Answer 13

Ordinal

Question 14

Where you are stating a “measured” variable e.g. time =

Answer 14

At least interval

Question 15

Note:
Independent groups design means

Answer 15

two names = Mann-Whitney

Question 16

E.g. relationship question + answer

The relationship between age and the identification of faces in ambiguous pictures

Answer 16

The relationship is positive and strong

Question 17

Contrasting current research and previous research

Answer 17

The Pearson correlation coefficient for the current research (0.98) is larger than the Pearson correlation coefficient for previous (0.70) indicating a stronger relationship

Question 18

Conclusion =

Answer 18

As … (e.g. age) increases, so does the … (e.g. identification of faces in ambiguous figures) significantly increases

Question 19

Distinguish standard deviation e.g.

Answer 19

The data for the matching condition (1.17) had a larger standard deviation compared to the data for the mismatching condition (0.79).

Question 20

Greatest variability =

Answer 20

Largest standard deviation

Question 21

Strong

Answer 21

0.7

Question 22

Moderate

Answer 22

0.3

Question 23

Weak

Answer 23

0.1

Question 24

p = 0.05 or more

Answer 24

Fail to reject

Question 25

p = <0.05

Answer 25

Reject

Question 26

Independent groups design

Answer 26

Groups only try one condition, Mann-Whitney U

Question 27

Repeated measures design

Answer 27

The groups try both conditions

Question 28

Parametric for experimental

Answer 28

More than or equal to 15

Question 29

Parametric for correlational

Answer 29

More than or equal to 25

Question 30

Standard error of the mean

Answer 30

Precision of estimating the population mean (higher is less precision)

Question 31

If the tail of graph is on the left it is

Answer 31

negative

Question 32

If the tail of graph is on the right it is

Answer 32

positive

Question 33

What does a distinguish question require?

Answer 33

- Definition of 1st concept - 'whereas' (conjunction) - Definition of 2nd concept

Question 34

What does a contrast question require?

Answer 34

- Definition of 1st concept (what do they share) - 'whereas' (conjunction) - Definition of 2nd concept (where do they differ) (GIVE MORE)

Question 35

What does a compare question require?

Answer 35

- State a similarity using concept 1 and 2 'are both' - State a difference using concept 1 'whereas' concept 2 - State a significance of either the similarity OR difference 'this is significant because...'

Question 36

Confidence interval

Answer 36

range of values true population mean

Question 37

The smaller the confidence interval...

Answer 37

the more precise the estimate and the greater the certainty when estimating the population mean

Question 38

Less than .05 p-value

Answer 38

statistically significant and the null hypothesis can be rejected, the alternative hypothesis is supported

Question 39

Equal to or greater than .05 p-value

Answer 39

not statistically significant and the null hypothesis cannot be rejected

Question 40

Error bars are overlapping

Answer 40

no statistical significant difference

Question 41

Error bars are not overlapping

Answer 41

there is a statistically significant difference between the two conditions

Question 42

Error bars are substantially overlapping

Answer 42

no statistically significant difference

Question 43

Type I error

Answer 43

P-value said there is a significant difference but in the population there is actually no significant difference Also known as a false positive

Question 44

Type II error

Answer 44

P-value said there is no significant difference but in the population there is actually a significant difference Also known as a false negative