Facial Anatomy Flashcards
(171 cards)
What is the ratio of Type I to Type II collagen in the skin?
0.334027777777778
Where are dense fibrous attachments between the superficial and deep facial fascias located?
Along the zygomatic arch, overlying the parotid gland, along the anterior border of the masseter muscle.
How does the skin age differently between Asians and Caucasians?
Asians develop fewer fine rhytids but more pigmented lesions than Caucasians.
How does the skin differ between Asians and Caucasians?
Asians have thicker skin with greater collagen density and are more prone to hypertrophic scarring and prolonged erythema.
What nerve parallels the superficial temporal vessels?
Auriculotemporal nerve.
What are the only mimetic muscles that receive innervation from VII on their superficial surfaces?
Buccinator, levator anguli oris, and mentalis muscles.
What muscle creates vertical and oblique rhytids in the medial eyebrow region?
Corrugator supercilii muscle.
What muscles draw the eyebrows medially?
Corrugator supercilii muscles.
Where are the branches of the facial nerve in relation to the SMAS?
Deep.
What is the relationship of the SMAS to the parotid gland?
Densely adherent to, yet distinct from, the parotid fascia.
What is the relationship of the SMAS to the lower eyelid?
It merges with the muscle fibers of the periorbital orbicularis oculi.
What is the relationship of the SMAS to the zygomatic arch?
It terminates 1em below the zygomatic arch.
What is the main difference between a keloid and a hypertrophic scar?
Keloids extend beyond the boundary of the original tissue injury; hypertrophic scars do not.
What is the relationship of the frontal branch of VII to the temporoparietal fascia?
Lies within it.
What ligaments support the soft tissue of the medial cheek?
Masseteric cutaneous ligaments.
What are the two types of retaining ligaments that support the facial skin?
Osteocutaneous ligaments and fusion of the superficial and deep fascias.
What muscle draws the medial edge of the brow inferiorly?
Procerus.
What lines are perpendicular to the line of force of the underlying muscle?
Relaxed skin tension lines.
What is the function of the auriculotemporal nerve?
Sensation of the scalp and auricle, and carries postganglionic parasympathetic nerves from the otic ganglion to the parotid gland to stimulate secretions.
What are the five layers of the epidermis from deep to superficial?
Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
What plane separates the temporoparietal fascia from the deep temporal fascia?
Subaponeurotic plane of loose areolar tissue.
What separates the superficial and deep layers of the deep temporal fascia?
Superficial temporal fat pad.
What is the only location in the face where the SMAS is not covered by the fascial-fatty layer?
Superior portion of the lower eyelid.
How does the aging process alter facial proportions?
The area from the subnasale to the menton decreases significantly in size compared to the other areas of the face.