Factions At Court And The Succession Flashcards
(20 cards)
What were some moves towards Protestantism after the execution of Anne Boleyn?
Monasteries were dissolved. The birth of a male heir in 1537 was exactly what Henry had longed for
What event weakened cromwell’s relationship w/ Henry ?
Protestant religious reforms had been to fast for Henry
Anne of cleve’s appearance
Miscalculated the need for Protestant allies
The demand that the marriage be cancelled was an embarrassment to Henry and this fiasco weakened his relationship with the king
Cromwell had suffered a reverse over his religious reforms when the…
6 articles were published in 1539
Henry’s growing desire for Catherine Howard …
Was exploited by Henry’s enemies at court
Who was cromwell’s biggest enemy in court and how did he exploit the situation?
The Duke of Norfolk was c of h’s uncle.
He used this opportunity to poison Henry’s relationship with Cromwell- his chief minister. Instructed her to spread rumours that he was not carrying out the task (divorcing Anne) quickly enough. He also knew that Henry was particularly keen to resist further changes in church doctrine in the direction of Protestantism, and suggested to Henry that Cromwell was protecting a group of Protestants in Calais.
What was Catherine instructed to do?
Spread rumours that he was not carrying out the divorce from Anne quick enough
How did Norfolk capitalise on Henry’s keen interest to resist further changes in church doctrine in the direction of Protestantism?
Suggested to Henry that Cromwell was protecting a group of Protestants in calais
Death of Cromwell
Miscalculations such as the unnecessary Protestant alliance, his own religious preference and the cleves marriage created suspicions in Henry’s mind that his chief minister was pursue his own interests rather than the king. This suspicion combined with the marriage fiasco created a desire to punish Cromwell.
He was executed after trumped up charges relating to introducing further Protestant changes and failing to enforce the act of 6 articles were declared to have been proved by act of attainders.
Timeline of factions
Crom = reformists in power
Anne of cleves , act of 6 articles and the fall of Cromwell = conservatives gaining power
Marriage to Catherine Howard = peak of con power
1543 Catherine Howard’s adultery, AB Cranmer and 1544 Catherine parr = reformists back in power
1544- act of succession legitimised Edward, Mary and liz to the throne
1546 = con attempted to gain back power but Surrey executed in 1547 bc he showed signs of covering the throne
1547 = sir Anthony Denny and Edward Seymour, altered final will using dry stamp
In 1540. What was the conservatives three key victories?
6 articles had enshrined in law their belief that religious innovation should be limited; they had seen their greatest enemy, Thomas Cromwell fall from power and marriage to Catherine howard
What did serious damage to the conservative group?
Catherine’s adultery and was executed in feb 1542
How did Henry react to the con faction trying to break his friendship with Cramer?
It was suggested that the AB was dabbling in Protestant heresy and Henry put him in charge of the investigation.
Catherine parr
Married in 1543
Close with the Seymour family and raised Edward and liz protestanlty in her household
Succession act 1544
Henry was paranoid and took steps to ensure his son’s safe succession
Dealt with the possibility of rival claimants by executing members of the pole family.
Made sure it was secure in law by being approve in parl
Ruled out infant Mary queen of scots
Who did Henry trust in court?
Edward Seymour, sir William paget who was one of his chief advisors from 1545 onwards
What happened to gardiner?
Leading bishop who opposed doctrinal reforms. Accused of suggesting that the pope should be reinstated as head of church and crucial miscalculation by becoming embroiled in the plot against the queen Catherine parr in 1546. Alongside trumped-up charges was enough to push him out of the inner circle of royal advisers.
Oct 1546 sir Anthony Denny
Chief gentleman of the king’s privy chamber. Largely confined to his private apartments, Denny’s role became crucial. He also decided whether Henry was fit to receive visitors and who should be admitted.
Dry stamp - using it, the reform faction, led by Seymour and Denny could legalise any document they chose- included an altered version of h8’s will
What happened to the con faction by dec 1546?
Broken apart
Arrests of the Duke of Norfolk and earl of Surrey for treason
Rumours of Surrey had spoken openly about his family’s claim to the throne (a very sensitive issue given Henry’s illness and the age of his only surviving son). He also foolishly put part of the royal coat of arms of his ancestor king Edward i onto his own family emblem — converting the throne.
Reform group in the privy council
Hertford as lord protector, reviving the traditional idea of a regency led by someone close to the king-in-waiting. He was Edward’s uncle.
