Factors affecting the accuracy of eyewitness testimony - Leading questions

Question 1

What is misleading information?

Answer 1

Leading questions
Post event discussion

Question 2

Why does misleading information influence EWT?

Answer 2

Memories laid down at the time are quite fragile, so misleading information can distort it

Question 3

What is a leading question?

Answer 3

A question which, because of the way it is phrased, suggests a certain answer

Question 4

What is the Loftus and Palmer research into leading questions?

Answer 4

Shown videos of traffic accidents
Independent measures design - 40 students
Contacted - 32 mph
Hit - 34 mph
Bumped - 38 mph
Collided - 39 mph
Smashed - 41 mph

Question 5

What is the Loftus and Zanni into leading questions?

Answer 5

Shown clip of car accident
‘Did you see a broken headlight’ - 7% yes
‘Did you see the broken headlight’ - 17% yes
There was no broken headlight

Question 6

An issue with leading question was that research was conducted on students?

Answer 6

Not generalisable
Studying full time so memory skill may be better

Question 7

Has the research into leading questions lead to practical applications?

Answer 7

Enhanced cognitive interview used by the police. Reduces errors made by EWs
Kohnken reviewed 53 studies and found that this interview procedure led to a 34% increase in correct information

Question 8

How does lab experiments strengthen research into leading questions?

Answer 8

High internal validity.
Speed verb changed DV. Cause and effect

Question 9

How does lab experiments weaken research into leading questions?

Answer 9

Low external validity
Artificial
Watching video of car accident is not the same as pts are expecting something to happen and emotional impact is different