Factors impacting sumatran rainforests Flashcards
(20 cards)
What has led to significant deforestation within and around Way Kambas National Park?
Illegal logging and land encroachment for agriculture, including palm oil plantations
Nearly one-third of the park’s forest has been lost to these activities.
How many people live directly adjacent to Way Kambas National Park?
Approximately 228,000 people
This lack of a buffer zone increases pressure on the forest.
What is a major consequence of forest fires in Way Kambas?
Destruction of valuable forest habitat
Fires are often set illegally to clear land for agriculture.
What is crop raiding in the context of human-tiger interactions?
Tigers preying on livestock due to habitat loss and food scarcity
This leads to financial losses for farmers and retaliatory killings of tigers.
What are Sumatran tigers heavily targeted for?
Their body parts used in traditional Asian medicine and as trophy items
This illegal poaching is a significant driver of tiger population decline.
What type of traps frequently injure or kill tigers incidentally?
Wire cable snares
These snares are often set for other species like wild pigs or deer.
What hinders effective action against poachers and traders in Indonesia?
Weak law enforcement and widespread corruption
Poaching often occurs deep within the national park.
What is the estimated population of Sumatran tigers remaining in the wild?
Fewer than 400 individuals
In Way Kambas, estimates are as low as less than 30 individuals.
What effect does habitat fragmentation have on Sumatran tigers?
Limits movement, reduces genetic diversity, and increases risk of inbreeding and local extinction
This is caused by deforestation and human development.
What are some direct causes of increased mortality in Sumatran tigers?
Poaching, retaliatory killings, and injuries from snares
These factors contribute to the overall decline of the population.
What is the vulnerability status of the Sumatran tiger in Way Kambas?
Highly vulnerable to extinction
This is due to a small, fragmented, and declining population.
What type of patrols are actively working to deter poachers in Way Kambas?
Anti-Poaching Patrols, including Rhino Protection Units and River Patrol teams
They focus on removing snares and confiscating illegal assets.
What community engagement efforts are being made in Way Kambas?
Reforestation programs and alternative livelihood initiatives
These aim to reduce local dependence on the park.
What strategies are used to mitigate human-wildlife conflict in Way Kambas?
Tiger-proof livestock enclosures and conflict mitigation teams
These strategies aim to reduce human-tiger interactions.
What types of scientific research are being conducted to aid Sumatran tiger conservation?
Camera trapping and DNA analysis
This research helps monitor tiger populations and inform strategies.
What is the growth time for oil palm trees before they start producing fruit?
3–4 years
This species is native to West Africa but thrives in tropical climates.
What are fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) in palm oil production?
Bunches of fruit produced by oil palm trees, weighing 10–25 kg
Each FFB contains hundreds to thousands of small, red-orange fruit.
What is the first step in processing palm oil after harvesting?
Sterilization using steam
This stops enzyme activity to prevent spoilage.
Which country is the world’s largest producer of palm oil?
Indonesia
This includes the island of Sumatra.
In what percentage of packaged supermarket products can palm oil be found?
Over 50%
This includes processed foods, baked goods, soaps, shampoos, and makeup.
