Families

Question 1

Fagaceae

Answer 1

Oak
9 genera, 900 species; mostly Quercus (oaks)
Trees, shrubs
Leaves simple, alternate, various margins
Only male flowers in catkins, females in leaf axils (sometimes at base of male catkins)
Tepals 6, very reduced
Stamens 4-40 per flower
Female flowers subtended by many bracts (involucre) -acorn
All but 1 carpel abort, leaving 1 ovule; 2 ovules per carpel

Question 2

Betulaceae

Answer 2

Birch
6 genera, 160 species
Trees, shrubs
Leaves simple, alternate, doubly serrate margins
Flowers in catkins - male and female, monoecious (except in Corylus, females not catkins)
Flowers subtended by 1-2 bracts
Tepals 1-4 or absent, very small when present
Stamens 1-4 per flower
Fruits samara, achene, nut
Ovary=2 fused carpels; inferior (each carpel with 2 ovules)

Question 3

Berberidaceae

Answer 3

Barberry
15 genera, 650 species
Shrubs, perennial, herbs
Leaves simple or compound
Flower parts: whorls of 3 or 6
3 carpels fused into 1
Fruit berry, follicle
Stamens->velvate anthers

Question 4

Magnoliaceae

Answer 4

Magnolia
2 genera, 220 species
Woody trees, shrubs
Evergreen/deciduous
Ethereal oils - aromatic
Simple leaves, pinnate venation, entire margin
Large, showy flowers
Bisexual
Elongate receptacle
Many parts, spirally arranged
Tepals
Laminar stamens
Superior ovary
Fruit follicle (Magnolia)
Fruit samara (Liriodendrum)

Question 5

Ranunculaceae

Answer 5

Buttercup
47 genera, 2000 species
Usually herbaceous; vines, woody
Leaves usually simple; compound
Flowers typically hermaphroditic; unisexual, dioecious.
Usually radial; bilateral
Usually spirally arranged; whorls 4-5
Petals/sepals usually showy; sometimes no petals
Petals sometimes reduced to nectaries
Ovaries always superior
Many stamens spirally arranged
Fruit follicle, berry, achene

Question 6

Onagraceae

Answer 6

Versatile anthers, 4-parted flowers, 4 or 8 stamens

Question 7

Brassicaceae

Answer 7

Cruciferae, 4-parted flowers, 6 tetradynamous stamens

Question 8

Aceraceae

Answer 8

Samaroid schizocarps, 4-5 parted flower

Question 9

Lauraceae

Answer 9

Dark green leaves

Question 10

Hamamelidaceae

Answer 10

Stellate hairs, anthers open by 2 flaps, shrubs/trees

Question 11

Polygonaceae

Answer 11

Ocrea, 6 tepals, 6-9 stamens

Question 12

Portulacaceae

Answer 12

Succulent leaves

Question 13

Geraniaceae

Answer 13

10-15 stamens, central column

Question 14

Cactaceae

Answer 14

Succulent leaves, betalaines

Question 15

Caryophyllaceae

Answer 15

Swollen nodes

Question 16

Salicaceae

Answer 16

Salicoid teeth, flowers in catkins, hairy-look, compact, flowers subtended by hairy bract, no perianth, hairy seeds, superior ovary

Question 17

Violaceae

Answer 17

Leaves simple, cordate at leaf base, cleistogamous/chasmogamous, superior ovary, 3 fused carpels, 5 parted flowers, nectar spur underneath.

Question 18

Malvaceae

Answer 18

Stellate hairs on leaves and stems, leaves palmately-veined, often lobed, mucilaginous cells, flowers 5 parted, monodelphous (many stamens united by thin filaments into a tube).

Question 19

Saxifragaceae

Answer 19

Basal leaves, palmate veination, 5 parted flowers, 2 fused carpels (fused at base), hypantheum.

Question 20

Rosaceae

Answer 20

Stipules, serrate margins, 5-parted flowers, many stamens, usually hypantheum.

Question 21

Fabaceae

Answer 21

Leaves compound, entire margins, stipules, 5 parted flowers, flag flowers, can be 10 free stamens or 9+1 or many free stamens (brush).

Question 22

Ericaceae

Answer 22

Leaves simple often leathery, often parasitic, 3-5 fused carpels, flowers 5 parted, actinomorphic, urn-shaped, 10 stamens (5 in some rhododendron), anthers with horn-shaped appendages.

Question 23

Polemoniaceae

Answer 23

Stamens with unequal insertion on the corolla tube, 3 fused carpels.

Question 24

Boraginaceae

Answer 24

Hispid hairs (stiff, sometimes sharp)), actinomorphic, superior ovary, scorpoid/helicoid cymes, corona, nutlet, gynobasic style, 2 fused carpels with 2 ovules each.

Question 25

Solanaceae

Answer 25

Leaves simple, alternate, alkaloids, capitate stigma, generic-looking core asteridae.

Question 26

Apocynaceae

Answer 26

Milky latex often present, bisexual flowers, actinomorphic, sepals usually 5, connate, corona

Question 27

Cornaceae

Answer 27

Hairs often Y- or T-shaped, fruit a 1 to few seeded drupe, inferior ovary, axile placentation, inflorescence terminal often with enlarged showy bracts, sepals/petals 4 sometimes 5, stamens 4-10, carpels 2 or 3, nectary disc on top of ovary.

Question 28

Euphorbiaceae

Answer 28

Milky latex often present, schizocarp fruit with 3 segments dehiscent from central column, flowers unisexual, actinomorphic, often inconspicous, infloresscence often highly modified, forming pseudoantheum.