Families Flashcards
How do families shape individual differences?
Genetics and acculturation shapes an individuals responses to things and others responses to the individual
What are genetics actualized by?
Environment, both shared (home) and non-shared.
What is acculturation?
How adjusted you are to cultures and customs of that country.
What happens if you have higher acculturation compared to your family?
There will be more issues within the family.
What is serotonin?
An inhibitory neurotransmitter, adequate amounts are needed for a stable mood (regulates aggression and anger). Also plays a role in appetite and sleep.
What was the study done on Genes and Environment interactions with depression?
Shorter alleles in the 5-HTTLPR gene is associated with lower transcriptional efficiency compared to long, therefor the 5HTT gene may be involved in depression. Looked at individuals with s/s, s/L, and L/L genes and assessed stressful life events between ages 21 and 26. Depression was assessed at age 26.
What was found in the gene and environment depression study?
Depression is not a purely genetic effect-life events increase depression more in people with s/s alleles.
What is the diathesis stress model?
Older model positing a predisposing condition that puts you at risk for outcomes in certain environments. Positive outcomes are associated with more positive environments (regardless of genes), stress makes genes be expressed more negatively.
What is the differential susceptibility model?
Base idea is the same as diathesis stress. Difference is that a good environment causes flourishing even if you’re original environment is negative.
What are some microsystem influences with family?
Parenting style, sibling relations, step-parent relations
What is authoritative parenting?
High warmth and high structure-results in the best outcome for kids
What is authoritarian parenting?
High structure and low warmth
What is permissive/indulgent parenting?
Low structure and high warmth
What is rejecting/neglecting parenting?
Low structure and low warmth
What were the results of the study done on outcomes with 2 authoritative parents versus one?
There were no differences between the two groups, except for with psychological and somatic symptoms (2 authoritative parents reported lower psychological and somatic symptoms). There were a few more differences when looking at consistent versus inconsistent authoritative parenting.
