Families And Households - Demographics

Question 1

Trend of birth rate

Answer 1

General decline

Question 2

Reasons for trend in birth rate

Answer 2

• Availability of contraception.
• Changing roles of women.
• Decrease in infant mortality rate.
• Growth of child centredness.
• Economic factors.

Question 3

Trend of total fertility rate

Answer 3

Decline

Question 4

Reasons for trend in total fertility rate

Answer 4

• Availability of contraception.
• Women leaving pregnancy to later in life.
• Changing attitudes to child bearing.

Question 5

Trend in death rate

Answer 5

Decline

Question 6

Reasons for trend in death rate

Answer 6

• Improved nutrition.
• Medical care.
• Public health measures.
• Decline in dangerous occupations.
• Lifestyle changes.

Question 7

Trend in infant mortality rate

Answer 7

Decline

Question 8

Reasons for the trend in infant mortality rate

Answer 8

• Improve housing and sanitation.
• Better nutrition.
• Improved pre and post natal understanding.
• Improved health of the mother.
• Improved knowledge of hygiene.

Question 9

Trend in life expectancy

Answer 9

Increasing

Question 10

Reasons for trend in life expectancy

Answer 10

• decreased infant mortality.
• Less dangerous working conditions.
• Better health care and nutrition.
• Social care facilities.

Question 11

Trend in aging population

Answer 11

Increasing

Question 12

Reasons for trend in aging population

Answer 12

• Increased life expectancy.
• Declining infant mortality.
• Declining fertility.

Question 13

Trend in migration

Answer 13

Increasing

Question 14

Reason for trend in migration

Answer 14

• Push factors:
  War, poverty, lack of job opportunity or oppressive government.
• Pull factors:
  Welfare state, education systems, standard of living, weather, job opportunities.
• Legislation and boarder controls.
• Globalisation.

Question 15

Impact of trends

Answer 15

• Smaller families.
• Unequal dependency ratio.
• Few schools needed.
• Few health and maternity services needed.
• Vanishing children - lonelier childhood due to less friends.
• Children become more precious.
• Aging population.
• Bigger strain on public services such as healthcare and housing.
• Increasing in single person households.
• Policy info such as social housing and pensions.
• Culturl diversity.
• Dual heritage and hybrid identities.

Question 16

Dependency ratio

Answer 16

An age-population ratio of those typically not in the labour force and those in the labour force.

Question 17

Ageism

Answer 17

Prejudice or discrimination on the grounds of the persons age.

Question 18

Structural dependency

Answer 18

The prices by which some people in society receive an unequal share in the results of social production.

Question 19

Net migration

Answer 19

The difference in the number of people leaving a country compared to the number of people coming in.

Question 20

Immigration

Answer 20

Moving into a country that isn’t your country of origin.

Question 21

Emigration

Answer 21

Leaving your country origin to go to another country.

Question 22

Globalisation

Answer 22

The growing interconnectedness of cultures and societies around the world, due to technological advances.