Family

Question 1

Current historical functions of the family

Answer 1

Reproduction, socialisation, emotional support

Question 2

Social sytem researcher’s view the family as

Answer 2

A set of interacting relationships influenced by the larger social context

Question 3

Postponing childbearing into late 20s or 30s effects transition to parenthood how?

Answer 3

Eases transition

Question 4

Give an example of an informal social network

Answer 4

Friends and neighbours

Question 5

Often criticise appearance and behaviour make most decisions for the child, and expect the child to obey without question. What parenting style?

Answer 5

Authoritarian

Question 6

Describe affects of authoritarian child-rearing style

Answer 6

Do poorly in school commit fewer antisocial acts unhappy and low self-esteem, boys are especially show a high rates of anger in defiance

Question 7

Which style is characterised by indifference in matters of child-rearing.

Answer 7

Uninvolved

Question 8

Define coregulation

Answer 8

Parents exercise general oversight while letting children take charge of moment-by-moment decision-making - middle childhood

Question 9

Most researchers studying parents-influence on children’s development believe

Answer 9

Though not the sole influence, exert a profound influence on child development

Question 10

What is the main striving in adolescents

Answer 10

Striving for autonomy

Question 11

What are the two major components of autonomy?

Answer 11

Emotional: Reliance moron oneself and less on parents. Behavioural: making decisions independently

Question 12

What personal qualities do lower social and economic status parents value

Answer 12

Obedience and politeness (external characteristics)

Question 13

What do higher SES parents value?

Answer 13

Psychological qualities such as curiosity, happiness self direction, cognitive and social maturity.

Question 14

Why do children from affluent families evidence more substance abuse, anxiety depression and lower school grades

Answer 14

As a group, wealthy parents are nearly as physically and emotionally unavailable as parents coping with financial strain.

Question 15

What benefits can extended family households provide for children?

Answer 15

Can safeguard children’s development amidst stressful life conditions

Question 16

How do sibling relationships change during adolescence?

Answer 16

Relationships become less intense as the siblings become more involved with relationships outside the family

Question 17

How does adopted children’s development differ from biological children’s?

Answer 17

More likely than non-adopted peers to have more learning and emotional difficulties

Question 18

Which group make up the largest proportion of never married singles in the US

Answer 18

African-American young women

Question 19

What is the overriding factor in positive adjustment following divorce?

Answer 19

Effective parenting

Question 20

Which gender responds best to mother stepfather families

Answer 20

boys

Question 21

Why do girls not respond as well as boys in a mother-stepfather family

Answer 21

Disruption of close ties between daughter and mother

Question 22

What is the most common form of child maltreatment

Answer 22

neglect

Question 23

What are the four forms of Child maltreatment

Answer 23

Physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, emotional abuse

Question 24

A gentle mother disciplines the child with warmth but firmness as a result the child responds with directives and as a result of compliance continues to be firm and warm. What is the term for this?

Answer 24

Bidirectional influence

Question 25

In the authoritarian parenting style, what is psychological control?

Answer 25

Attempt to make every decision for the child, frequently criticise ideas decisions and choice of friends, holds impossibly high expectations, when disappointed withdraws love and affection

Question 26

How does birth order and family size affect IQ?

Answer 26

Longitudinal studies found that children's IQ did not decline was later birth order however the larger the family the lower the IQ of all siblings

Question 27

What is the possible link between large families and lower IQ

Answer 27

Mothers of lower IQ tend to have large families thus there is a possible genetic link

Question 28

What does research show about one child families

Answer 28

Children from one child families are not spoiled but have higher self-esteem, do better in school and have as many high-quality friendships.

Question 29

Which age group is most likely to display anxious fearful or angry, defiant reactions upon parent's divorce

Answer 29

Preschool and early school-aged children

Question 30

What is research suggests about outcomes for sons of divorced parents

Answer 30

More favourable when the father is the custodial parent

Question 31

``` Which of the following children is likely to adjust quickly and positively to a mother-stepfather family? Susie an adolescent Tommy, an adolescent Alex, a preschooler Zoe, a fourth grader ```

Answer 31

Alex, boys tend to adjust more quickly, adolescents act out more

Question 32

What it is strongly associated with Child maltreatment

Answer 32

Psychological disturbance, drug abuse, history of abuse as a child, poverty, abuse of mother by husband or boyfriend.