Family characteristics Flashcards
(16 cards)
Rose Family
- Dicots
- flowers are “showy”
- five petals and five sepals
- flowers look saucer shaped
- alternate and toothed leaves
“non-toothed = not rose”
Lily Family
- monocots
- flowers are showy
- six tepal
- 3 carpals
- 6 stamens
- leaves are parallel veined
types of buds
- terminal buds (tip of plant)
- axillary buds (sides, beginning of branches or leaf)
Aster Family
i.e. Daisy, black-eyed susan
- Dense, inflorescence (group of flowers)
- small specialized flowers
- grow in dense formation that resembles larger flower (attracts pollinators)
Heath Family
- Dicot
- 5 fused petals
- 1 carpal
- radially symmetrical
- ## generally bisexual
Orchid Family
- monocot
- mostly tropical
- many are epiphytes = grow on trees
- Orchid flowers have three sepals, three petals and a three-chambered ovary
- bisexual
Poeace (Grass) Family
- class: monocots
- division : angiosperms
i.e.:
oats, corn, bamboo, rice..
Grasslike plants with blade-like leaves and round, hollow stems;
tiny, mostly bisexual flowers without petals arranged in turn into spikelets;
the fruits are dry, and called “grains.”
Do mosses have stomates?
No
this is why they grow in moist environments
Solanum tuberosum (potato)
- Dicot
- Potatoes reproduce sexually by flowers
- Family; solanaceae (nightshade family)
- The nightshade family is known to produce many alkaloids
- Potatoes have solanine in above ground parts
features of potatoes
- Compound leaves
- Five fused petals make flower look superficially rose-like
- Two carpals fused into one pistil
- 5 yellow stamens
- Five sepals
- Fruit:
○ a berry.
○ Similar to a tomato (also in the Solanaceae) but containing too much solanine to be edible
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
- Annual
- Bisexual flowers
- Self( and sometimes insect) pollinated
- Pinnately compound leaves with 3 leaflets
- Tendrils - dextral climbing
- Very diverse species (kidney, pinto… same species)
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Geocarpy: Peanut plants flower above ground, but their fruits (pods) develop underground.
Legume: Peanuts are a type of legume, belonging to the Fabaceae family.
Leaves: The leaves are alternate and compound
Flowers: The tubular, 5-parted flowers are yellow and self-fertile.
Fruit: The fruit is a dry, indehiscent legume (pod) that does not split open when ripe.
- Carver worked w a lot - Native to Africa
Soybeans (Glycine max)
- Dicot (family)
- Fabaceae (the pea family, bean family, or legume family)
- Alternate compound leaf (3 leaflets)
- Bilaterally symmetrical flower
- Fruit: legume
- Evolved from G. soja in China
○ No such things as a wild glycine max
Glycine max compared to soja
- Has larger and more seed (pods)
- Less/smaller roots
- Larger yellow or green seeds
- Erect and bushy
- Larger and uniform bean shape
Fruit Types
Fleshy fruits
(e.g. grape, apple, cherry, orange, squash)
Dry fruits (e.g. corn, sunflower, maple, walnut, beans, milkweed, poppy)
Dehiscent fruit splits along a line or lines of built-in weakness (e.g. beans, milkweed, poppy)
Legumes: Dry, dehiscent fruits that open on two stems
Indehiscent fruit (e.g. corn, sunflower, maple, walnut)
