Family Planning Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
Consist of an active agent and a carrier
A surfactant that immobilizes or kills sperm on contact by destroying the sperm cell membrane.
A
Colitis related method
2
Q
Colitis related method
Perfect use
A
18%
Typical use 29%
3
Q
Vaginal spermicides
A
Nonoxynoyl 9 or octoxynol
4
Q
Not absorbed in the vagina
Reduces risk for vaginosis and STD
Toxic to lactobacilli
A
Vaginal spermicides
5
Q
A soft saucer shaped device made from polyurethane foam containing nonoxynol-9
A
Sponge
6
Q
Sponge works in three ways to prevent pregnancy
A
Blocks the cervix
Kills the sperm (spermicide)
Absorb semen
7
Q
Sponge protection last for
A
24 hours
8
Q
Sponge pregnant rate per year
A
Nulliparous 9%
Multiparous 20%
9
Q
Advantage of sponge
A
Easy to use and effective immediately
Inexpensive
Does require a medical exam
Reversible
10
Q
Sponge disadvantages
A
STD
Difficult in insertion and removal
Vaginal irritation
Messy sex
11
Q
Side effects of sponge
A
Increase risk of toxic shock syndrome
Do not use after giving birth
Do not use during vaginal bleeding
Do not leave in place longer than 30 hours
12
Q
Non hormonal barrier methods
A
Diaphragm
Cervical cap
Male condom
Female condom
13
Q
Thin dome shape membrane of latex rubber or silicone with a flexible spring modeled into the rim.
A
Diaphragm
14
Q
Diaphragm
Left inside for atleast
A
8hours
15
Q
Diaphragm
Failure rate
A
12.5% (1st year of use)
16
Q
Diaphragm
Protective against
A
STD
Tubal infertility
Cervical neoplasia
17
Q
Diaphragm
Risk
A
Bladder infection
No toxic shock syndrome
Post coital, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
18
Q
Diaphragm
Actions
A
Blocks the sperm
Kills the sperms
19
Q
A cup shaped silicone or rubber device that fits around the cervix
A
Cervical cap
20
Q
Cervical cap
Near perfect pattern
PR
A
6.1%
21
Q
Cervical cap
Should not be left in place for more than
A
48hours
22
Q
Cervical cap
Made of
A
Durable
Hypoallergenic
Silicone rubber
23
Q
Cervical cap
Reusable for
A
2 years
24
Q
Cervical cap
Pregnancy rate
A
8-11/100 woman years
25
Cervical cap
Not associated with increased risk for
Cystitis
| Toxic shock syndrome
26
Captures and holds the seminal fluid
| Prelubricated with spermicide nonoxynol-9
Condom
27
Condom
Risk of breakage is
3%
28
Condom
Advantage
Available
29
Condom
Disadvantage
Motivation is essential
30
Condom
Reduces the risk
STD
| Cervical neoplasia
31
Male condoms made of 2 materials
Latex
Polyurethane
Animal tissues
32
Male condoms
Failure rate
3%-6% >30 y/o
| 8% -10%
33
Consist of a soft, loose-fitting polyurethane with 2 flexible rings
Female condoms
34
Female condoms pre lubricated with spermicide and intended for onetime use only
With perfect use: PR is
2.6%
35
Female condoms advantages
Greater protection against STD
| Less likely to rupture
36
Withdrawal before ejaculation
Coitus interruptus
37
Colitis interruptus
Advantage
Immediately available
| No cost
38
Colitis interruptus
Failure rate
6.7 per 100 woman years
39
Method of avoiding pregnancy based on the natural postpartum infertility that occurs when a woman is amenorrheic and fully breast feeding
Lactation amenorrhea
40
Lactation amenorrhea
Kailanagn walang ibang pagkain si baby, breast feeding lang.
41
Lactation amenorrhea
Ovulation is suppressed during lactation
Increased prolactin
| Decrease GnRH
42
Lactation amenorrhea
Suppression is influence by
Frequency and duration
Time since birth
Nutritional status
Type of feeding
43
Periodic abstinence
Abstinence- substrate 21 from the shortest cycle, first day is the wet day.
End of fertile period - 3 days from shift of BBT
Symptothermal method
44
Periodic abstinence
Efficacy
3-1% probability of pregnancy for perfect use
| 86.% others
45
Periodic abstinence
Factors affecting efficacy
Sperm survival
Ovulation may occur without menses
Vaginal infection
46
Intrauterine devices
Main benefits
High level of effectiveness
Lack of associated systemic metabolic effects
Need for only a single act of motivation for long term use
47
Intrauterine devices
Types of IUd
1960- plastic, polyethylene with barium sulfate
1970- smaller plastic device with copper
1980- larger amount of copper
48
Intrauterine devices
Mechanism of action
Formation of biologic foam
49
Intrauterine devices
Contains
Fibrin
Phagocytic enzymes
Proteolytic enzymes
50
Intrauterine devices
Time of insertion
During menses ( before)
Any day of the cycle provided the woman is not pregnant
2-3 months post partum
After vaginal or Caesarian delivery
51
Intrauterine devices
Effectiveness
0-2-1.1/100 woman years
52
Intrauterine devices
Benefits
Excellent contraception
Protection against ectopic pregnancy
Reduced menstrual bleeding
53
Intrauterine devices
Infection
Increase only for the 1st 4 months
54
Intrauterine devices
Adverse effect
55
Intrauterine devices
Other adverse effect
Uterine bleeding
Perforation
Pelvic inflammatory disease
56
IUD in pregnancy
String available
Remove IUD
57
IUD in pregnancy
| Not visible string
Ultrasound examination
58
IUD in pregnancy
Mngt
Therapeutic abortion
Removal of IUD
Continuation of pregnancy
59
IUD in pregnancy
Hormonal methods
Progestin only OC
Implants
Injectables
60
Method to help a couple determine when sexual intercourse can and cannot result to pregnancy
Natural family planning
61
Periodic abstinence methods
Calendar rhythm method
Billings/ ovulation method
Symptothermal method
Temperature method
62
Calendar method
Rhythm or standard
63
Calendar method
Calculating the length of individual woman's precious me trial cycle
Rhythm method
64
Rhythm method
Calculation
18 days from the length of her previous shortest cycle
| 11 days from her previous longest cycle
65
Rhythm method
Rationale: the human ovum is capable of being fertilized for only about
24 hours after ovulation
66
Rhythm method
Rationale
Spermatozoa retain their fertilizing ability for
48hours after coitus
67
Rhythm method
Rationale
Ovulation occurs 12-16 days before the onset of subsequent menses
68
Most effective for woman who have a cycles between 26-32 days long
Standard days method
69
How to use the standard days method
Count the first day of period as day 1
On days 1-7 you are not fertile
On days 8-19 fertile
On 20 days until period starts not fertile
70
Often referred to simply as fertility awareness methods rather than NFP
Symptoms based
71
Three primary signs of a woman's fertility are her
Basal body temp
Cervical mucus
Cervical position
72
Body temp
Lower before ovulation and rises slightly to about 0.2 degree celcius
So dapat walang kantot simula magkaroon ng menses hangganga hindi bumaba ba yung temp
73
After menses
| 4 days after peak wet days
Billings method
74
Billings method
Walang kantot from onset of cervical mucus symptom until three days after the last day of fertile-type secretions
75
Symptothermal method involves observing changes in the
Cervical secretions
Change in the BBT
Own calendar calculations
76
Most common form of fertility control in US
Surgical sterilization
Mean age is 30 years
Laparoscopy in women and vasectomy in men
77
Female sterilization
5 commonly used procedures
Tubal sterilization at the time of laparotomy
Postpartum mini laparotomy after vaginal delivery
Internal mini laparotomy
Laparoscopy
Hysteroscopy
78
Surgical technique
Loop of tube excised after lighting the base of loop with single absorbable suture (avascular)
Pomeroy technique
79
Surgical technique
Ends of the tube are separately ligated with absorbable suture
Modified Pomeroy technique
80
Surgical technique
An avascular site is in mesosalpinx is perforated
The oviduct is separated
Proximal and distal end is lagated
Failure rate is 1/400
Parkland technique
81
Surgical technique
Loop of the tube crushed by cross clamping the base, ligated with permanent suture and then excised
Madlener technique
82
Abandoned ba cause of too many failure rates
Mad lender
83
Surgical technique
Mid portion of the tube is excised
Failure rates - 0
Irving technique
84
A saline epinephrine solution is injected beneath the mucosa to separate it from underlying tube
Uichida technique
| 0 failure rate
85
Double ligation of oviduct with silk suture
Excision of fimbriated end
Removal of all of the distal tube to effect sterilization
Fimriectomy tech
86
Abdomen is inflated with gas(carbon dioxide or N20) via a spinal needle inserted at the lower margin of the umbilicus
Laparoscopy
87
Laparoscopic tech
Mid isthmic portion of the tube and adjacent mesosalpinx are grasped with special forceps coagulating 3cms of the tube
Bipolar electric coagulation
88
Laparoscopic tech
Mid portion of the tube is grasped with tongs that has the ring stretched around it
Application of falope ring
89
Laparoscopic tech
Mid isthmic portion of the tube and adjacent mesosalpinx are grasped with special bipolar forceps coagulating 3cms of the tube.
Application of plastic of metal clip (hulk a clip)
90
Mga importante lang to, need parin basahin kahit yung trans.
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