Family: Poxviridae

Question 1

Where does replication of poxviruses occur?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm

Question 2

Most enveloped viruses do not survive well in the environment, which viruses are an exception?

Answer 2

Poxvirus

Question 3

Subfamily ___________ is a poxvirus that infects vertebrates

Answer 3

Chordopoxvirinae

Question 4

Genus of poxvirus that cause disease in humans, animals, and birds? (6)

Answer 4

1. Orthopoxvirus
2. Parapoxvirus
3. Avipoxvirus
4. Capripoxvirus
5. Leporipoxvirus
6. Suipoxvirus

Question 5

Most poxvirus are ______ shaped

Answer 5

Brick

Question 6

What genus of poxvirus is not brick shaped?

Answer 6

Genus Parapoxvirus - ovoid with crisscross pattern

Question 7

Properties of poxvirus:

Answer 7

-linear double stranded DNA
-pleomorphic
-largest virus
-sometimes enveloped
-complex symmetry
-dumbbell shaped core, 2 lateral bodies

Question 8

Two distinct infectious poxvirus particles exist:

Answer 8

1. Intracellular mature virus (IMV) - non enveloped
2. Extracellular enveloped virus (EEV)

BOTH FORMS ARE INFECTIOUS

Question 9

How are IMV poxvirus virions released?

Answer 9

Disruption of host cell, cell lysis

Question 10

How are EEV poxvirus virions released?

Answer 10

Budding

Question 11

Which of the following poxviruses do not multiply in chicken embryo?

A. Orthopoxvirus
B. Parapoxvirus
C. Capripoxvirus
D. Avipoxvirus

Answer 11

B. Parapoxvirus

Question 12

Milkers nodule in humans is caused by ______________

Answer 12

Pseudocowpox

Question 13

Pseudocowpox is a member of the genus ___________

Answer 13

Parapoxvirus

Question 14

How is pseudocowpox transmitted?

Answer 14

-Contaminated milkers hands, teat cups

-Insects

-Calves suckling on infected teats

-Semen of bulls

Question 15

Hyperplasia of squamous epithelium describes the pathogenesis of ________

Answer 15

Pseudocowpox

Question 16

CS associated with pseudocowpox?

Answer 16

Erythema - Papule - Vesicle or pustule - Rupture - Thick scab

-papule on teat

Question 17

Chronic lesions of pseudocowpox?

Answer 17

-Erythema

-Yellow-gray, soft scabs that are rubbed off during milking

-No pain

-Persists for months

Question 18

Acute lesions of pseudocowpox?

Answer 18

Thick elevated scab 0.5-25 cm

Horse-shoe shaped ring of small scabs on teats after original scab drops off

Question 19

___________ is a pathognomonic lesion of pseudocowpox

Answer 19

Horseshoe-shaped ring like lesion

Question 20

Pseudocowpox in humans results in a mild skin lesion known as ___________

Answer 20

Milkers nodule

Question 21

Contagious ecthyma is caused by ________ virus

Answer 21

Orf virus in genus parapoxvirus

Question 22

Orf virus causes contagious ecthyma in what hosts?

Answer 22

Sheep and goats, mainly babies

Question 23

_______ virus involves a delayed hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 23

Orf virus

(contagious ecthyma)

Question 24

What are the first lesions to develop in contagious ecthyma?

Answer 24

Mucocutaneous junction accompanied by swollen lips

Question 25

Goats and sheep with Orf virus can have anorexia and weight loss. Why?

Answer 25

Lesions around mouth and nose make it hard to eat :(

Question 26

Severe cases of contagious ecthyma can cause lesions where?

Answer 26

Genitals, feet, ears can lead to lameness and infertility

Question 27

When should the Orf virus vaccine be used?

Answer 27

- Lambs and kids in problem herd/flocks - Pregnant ewes before lambing **not for prophylactic use**

Question 28

What indicates the viability of the Orf virus vaccine when given to sheep and goats?

Answer 28

Localized red lesion on inner thigh, 1 week after vaccination

Question 29

CS of Orf virus in humans?

Answer 29

Macro-papular lesions and large nodular lesions on hands, arm, face, and even penis

Question 30

Lumpy skin disease is a result of __________ genus

Answer 30

Capripoxvirus

Question 31

Sheeppox and Goatpox is caused by members of the __________ genus

Answer 31

Capripoxvirus

Question 32

________ and ________ cannot be distinguished from each other with serological techniques

Answer 32

Sheeppox and Goatpox

Question 33

Which capripoxvirus does not cause disease in sheep and goats?

Answer 33

Lumpy skin disease

Question 34

How is sheeppox and goatpox transmitted?

Answer 34

Aerosol - respiratory route most common

Question 35

Swinepox is caused by a member of the _______ genus

Answer 35

Suipoxvirus

Question 36

Mechanical vector associated with swinepox transmission?

Answer 36

Pig louse - hematopinus suis

Question 37

Fowl pox is caused by a member in the ________ genus

Answer 37

Avipoxvirus

Question 38

How is fowlpox transmitted?

Answer 38

Wounds in birds from fighting/pecking Possibly by aerosols

Question 39

What forms of disease are associated with fowl pox?

Answer 39

1. Cutaneous (dry) form 2. Diphtheritic (wet) form - high fatality 3. Ocular form

Question 40

What is the most common form of fowlpox?

Answer 40

Cutaneous dry form

Question 41

_________ form of fowlpox causes a sharp fall in egg production

Answer 41

Cutaneous dry form

Question 42

Which form of fowlpox has a poor prognosis?

Answer 42

Diphtheritic wet form **death by asphyxiation**

Question 43

CS associated with the ocular form of fowlpox?

Answer 43

Conjunctivitis, cheesy exudate under eyes

Question 44

What can be seen on histology of Avipoxvirus?

Answer 44

Bollinger bodies: eosinophilic granular intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies -Borrel bodies inside of Bollinger bodies

Question 45

How is Ulcerative dermatosis transmitted?

Answer 45

Through damaged skin or by coitus of sheep

Question 46

Ulcerative dermatosis manifests in 2 clinical forms:

Answer 46

-Lip and leg ulceration -Venereal form