Family therapies Program Review

Question 1

The various models of family therapy have been influenced by general systems theory and view the family as primarily an_____system that receives input from and discharges output to the environment.They also integrate concepts derived from cybernetics including the notion of positive and negative feedback loops: A___feedback loop provides the family system with information that helps it maintain the status quo.Many individual psychotherapies are based on a Western, __, scientific tradition and emphasize linear cause-effect relationships and individualism and reflect a deterministic perspective. In contrast, family therapies are consistent with a Kantian tradition and reflect a _____view of causality and a relational,contextual,relativistic perspective.The earliest contributors to family therapy include___, who was a child psychiatrist who eventually became known as the ‘grandfather of family therapy,’and Greogory Bateson who is frequently cited for his work on the role of____communication in the development of schizophrenia.

Answer 1

open; negative;Lockean; reciprocal; Ackerman; double-bind

Question 2

Family therapists using the communication/interaction approach distinguish between two types of communication patterns. In symmetrical communication,participants are____, while in _____communication,participants are unequal and the differences between them are maximized.

Answer 2

equal;complementary

Question 3

Differentiation of self is a key concept in Bowen’s extended family systems therapy: When family members have low levels of differentiation, they easily_____with other family members, which can result in an undifferentiated family ego mass.Another important concept is the emotional triangle, which develops when a two-person system recruits another person into the system in order to increase stability and reduce_____. For Bowenians, the assessment of a family often includes construction of a __, which depicts the relationships between family members.

Answer 3

fuse;tension;genogram

Question 4

Practitioners of structural family therapy view maladaptive behavior as being related to boundaries that are too rigid,or at the other extreme, overly diffuse. In the former situation, family members are disengaged; in the latter, they are___. Minuchin distinguished between three chronic boundary disturbances,or rigid triads. For example,_____is occuring when a parent and child consistently ‘gang up’ against the other parent. A first step in structural family therapy is_____,which entails ‘blending’ with the family by adopting its style.

Answer 4

enmeshed;stable coalition;Joining

Question 5

For object relations therapists, maladaptive behavior is the result of both___factors, and a goal of therapy is to resolve each family member’s attachment to family_____.

Answer 5

intrapsychic and interpersonal;introjects