Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

microb > fastidious gram negative rods > Flashcards

fastidious gram negative rods Flashcards

1
Q

fastidious gram negative rods are cultured on ___ agar

A

chocolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bartonella spp.: name the four species

A

b. bacilliformis, b. quintana, b. henselae, b. clarridgeiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

b. bacilliformis: clinical presentations

A

carrion’s disease = oroya fever (high fever = severe anemia due to RBC infection)

character skin rash

spread by sandflies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

b. quintana: clinical presentations

A

trench fever, aids related conditions, endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

b. henselae: clinical presentations

A

cat scratch disease, aids related condition, endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

b. clarridgeiae: clinical presentations

A

cat scratch disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bartonella spp.: diagnosis

A

serology, histology, culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

haemophilus influenzae: culture

A

chocolate agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

haemophilus influenzae: character

A

requires hemin (X factor) and NAD (V factor) to grow

throat carriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

haemophilus influenzae: transmission

A

respiratory droplets, close contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

haemophilus influenzae: virulence factors

A

some strain possess antiphagocytic capsules (a-f, b is the most common; also in sg the most common type is the non encapsulated type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

haemophilus influenzae: clinical presentations

A

encapsulated infections: meningitis, acute epiglottitis, septicaemia, cellulitis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis

non-encapsulated infections: invasive (meningitis and septicaemia in neonates; pneumonia in older age groups) and non-invasive (urti)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

haemophilus influenzae: diagnosis

A

blood culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

haemophilus influenzae: treatment

A

ceftriazone; most species are resistant to penicillin since they produce beta lactamase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

haemophilus influenzae: prevention

A

conjugate vaccines against type b for children and at risk patients

chemoprophylaxis of rifampicin and vaccine for prevention of secondary cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: histology + character

A

“shoal of fish” appearance

x (iron, hemin) dependent growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: culture

A

chocolate agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: transmission

A

sexually transmitted disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: clinical presentations

A

chancroid (painful genital ulcer + enlarged inguinal lymph nodes that may suppurate and ulcerate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: diagnosis

A

culture, pcr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

haemophilus ducreyi: treatment

A

several agents effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

hacek group

A

group of gram negative bacteria associated with endocarditis

haemophilus parainfluenzae
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
cardiobacterium hominis
eikenella corrodens
kingella kingae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

klebsiella granulomatis: transmission

A

sexually transmitted disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

klebsiella granulomatis: clinical presentations

A

granuloma inguinale = donovanosis
subcutaneous nodules break down to painless ulcers, gradual enlargement of ulcers with prominent granulation tissue, tissue loss and scarring

spread to inguinal region causes periadenitis (pseudo bubo) and pelvic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

klebsiella granulomatis: diagnosis

A

“donovan bodies” seen in macrophages in tissues smears

26
Q

bordetella spp.: name the 2 species

A

bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis

27
Q

bordetella spp.: culture

A

mercury droplet colonies on bordet-gengou agar

28
Q

bordetella spp.: transmission

A

respiratory droplets

29
Q

bordetella spp.: clinical presentations

A

whooping cough

catarrhal stage: resemble other respiratory infections
paroxysmal stage: paroxysmal cough (lungs emptied in a series of cough before dragging in a fresh breath through a narrowed throat which produces the “whoop”) - once this stage is established, may last afew months

30
Q

bordetella spp.: diagnosis

A

pernasal swab for culture, pcr

31
Q

bordetella spp.: treatment

A

erythromycin - reduces severity of illness if given before the paroxysmal stage

32
Q

bordetella spp.: prevention

A

effective vaccines available in national childhood immunisation schedule

33
Q

francisella tularensis: character

A

naturally infects animals like rodents and rabbits

34
Q

francisella tularensis: transmission

A

handling animal carcasses, arthropod vector - respiratory, oral routes

35
Q

francisella tularensis: clinical presentations

A

tularaemia: infection of skin, eye, lymph nodes and pneumonia

36
Q

legionalla pneumophila: culture

A

buffer charcoal yeast extract agar (B-CYE): needs cysteine and iron

37
Q

legionella pneumophila: character

A

environmental bacteria that grows in water (e.g. in cooling tower of air conditioning plant), poorly maintained water supplies

38
Q

legionella pneumophila: transmission

A

infectious aerosol from colonised water source dispensers (not person to person, not airborne)

39
Q

legionella pneumophila: clinical presentations

A

legionnaire’s disease: severe pneumonia frequently accompanied by confusion or extra pulmonary manifestations

pontiac fever: brief influenza-like illness, less dangerous

40
Q

legionella pneumonia: diagnosis

A

immonofluorescent stain on sputum sample or bronchoalveolar lavage
antigen detection in urine only for serogroup 1
serology only for serogroup 1

41
Q

legionella pneumonia: treatment

A

high dose iv erythromycin alone or + rifampicin

42
Q

pasteurella multocida: character

A

present in mouth and throat of many animals (especially cats)

43
Q

pasteurella multocida: transmission

A

animal bites

44
Q

pasteurella multocida: clinical presentations

A

cellulitis, osteomyelitis

45
Q

pasteurella multocida: treatment

A

penicillin, co-amoxiclav (infected bites are often polymicrobial)

46
Q

brucella spp.: character

A

naturally infects a variety of farm animals

47
Q

brucella spp.: transmission

A

zoonosis (direct contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated meat/milk/cheese)

48
Q

brucella spp.: clinical presentations

A 
brucellosis = maltese fever
pyrexia of unknown origin, undulant fevers
chronic brucellosis (low grade fever with malaise)
bone and joint symptoms, osteomyelitis
endocarditis
49
Q

brucella spp.: diagnosis

A

blood culture, serologu

colonies positive for urease

50
Q

brucella spp.: treatment

A

doxycycline + streptomycin

51
Q

brucella spp.: prevention

A

pasteurisation of milk kills brucella spp., vaccinate farm animals

52
Q

acinetobacter baumannii: character

A

environmental

normal skin flora

53
Q

acinetobacter baumannii: clinical presentations

A

nosocomial pneumonia (often multi resistant)

54
Q

name the 3 bacteria of yersinia spp.

A

y. enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis

y. pestis

55
Q

y. enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosis: clinical presentations

A

gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, septicaemia

56
Q

y. enterocolitica, y. pseudotuberculosos: diagnosis

A

culture from stool or blood, serology

57
Q

yersinia pestis: histology + character

A

saftety pin appearance

infects rodents

58
Q

yersinia pestis: transmission

A

zoonosis (often through the bite of rat flea), respiratory droplets

59
Q

yersinia pestis: clinical presentations

A

bubo formation (painful swelling of lymph nodes) with subsequent invasion of bloodstream giving rise to pneumonia and septicaemia

60
Q

yersinia pestis: diagnosis

A

microscopy and culture of sputum or blood

microb (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions