Fat Soluble Vitamins

Question 1

Fat soluble Vits

Answer 1

A D E K

Question 2

water soluble vits

Answer 2

C Bgroup vits
B1
B2
B6
B12
Folic acid
Niacin

Question 3

what are the two forms of vitamin A ?

Answer 3

retinol and beta-carotene

Question 4

Sources of retinol

Answer 4

Animal - fish, fish oils, butter, liver, fortified milk

Question 5

Sources of beta-carotene

Answer 5

fruit and veg-dark green leafy greens , broccoli, apricots,carrots, tomatoes, peppers

Question 6

functions of vitamin A

Answer 6

Aids night vision
Essential for lining membranes
Aids growth and repair of cells
Beta -carotene - antioxidant- healthy skin and hair

Question 7

effects of deficiency of vitamin A

Answer 7

night blindness
Stunted growth in children
Dry eyes
Dry mucus membranes -dry and rough skin

Question 8

RI of vitamin A(ug per day )

Answer 8

children-400-500ug
Adolescents- 600-700ug
Adults - 600-700ug
Pregnancy and lactation- 950ug

Question 9

Properties of vitamin A-retinol

Answer 9

Yellow fat soluble alcohol
Insoluble In water
Heat stable
Powerful antioxidant
Destroyed by oxygen
Reduced by dehydration

Question 10

properties of vitamin A - beta-carotene

Answer 10

Bright orange or yellow oil
insoluble In water
Heat stable
Powerful antioxidant
Sensitive to dehydration

Question 11

Hypervitaminosis

Answer 11

Excess of a certain vitamin

Question 12

Dangers of hypervitaminosis -vit A

Answer 12

dry skin
Enlarged liver
Fatigue
Hair loss
Headaches
Vomiting
Risk of birth defects / miscarriages

Question 13

What are the two forms of vitamin D?

Answer 13

Cholecalciferol (D3)
Ergocalciferol (D2)

Question 14

Sources of cholecalciferol (D3)

Answer 14

sunlight- sunlight converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin to cholecalciferol
Food- oily fish, eggs, milk , margarine

Question 15

Sources of ergocalciferol (D2)

Answer 15

Fungi,yeast - action of the sun converts ergosterol to ergocalciferol

Question 16

Functions of vit D

Answer 16

Needed for strong bones and teeth
Aids absorption of Calcium
Prevents rickets and osteomalacia
Regulates blood calcium levels

Question 17

Effects of deficiencies of vit D

Answer 17

Rickets in children
Osteomalacia-weak bones
Osteoporosis-brittle bones
Dental decay

Question 18

RI for vit D

Answer 18

Children-10ug
Adolescents-15ug
Adults-10ug
Pregnancy or lactation-10ug

Question 19

Properties of vit D

Answer 19

Fat soluble
Insoluble in water
Stable to heat - cooking , food processing
Stable to acids and alkalis
Stable to oxygen

Question 20

Dangers of hypervitaminosis -vitD

Answer 20

More common amongst children due to high concentration of calcium in blood
Nausea
Mental confusion
Metallic taste
Loss of bone mass
Vomiting and thirst

Question 22

Sources of vitamin E(tocopherols)

Answer 22

Margarine
Egg yolk
Whole grain cereal
Spinach
Pulses
Nuts
Avocado

Question 23

Functions of vitamin E(tocopherol)

Answer 23

Antioxidant
Reduces risk of CHD
protects blood cells from damage
Strengthens immune system

Question 24

Deficiency of vit E (tocopherol)

Answer 24

Very rare

Question 25

RI for vitamin E

Answer 25

None

Question 26

Properties of vitamin E(tocopherol)

Answer 26

Fat soluble Antioxidants Damaged my alkalis ,oxygen and light Stable in acids Heat stable

Question 27

Forms of vitamin K (napthoquinones)

Answer 27

Plant form - phyllonapthoquinone-K1 Made by bacteria in intestine- menanapthoquinone-K2 Synthetic form-menanapthone- k3

Question 28

Sources of vitamin K

Answer 28

Plant - green veg , cereals Animal-fish, meat , liver, eggs Body-made by bacteria in the gut

Question 29

Functions of vitamin K

Answer 29

Essential for clotting of blood Regulates calcium balance in bones

Question 30

Effects of deficiency of vitamin K

Answer 30

Delayed clotting of blood Deficiency is rare but may occur in newborn babies due to limited diet

Question 31

RI of vitamin K

Answer 31

None

Question 32

Properties of vitamin k

Answer 32

Fat soluble Insoluble in water Heat stable Destroyed when exposed to sunlight