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Fats And Oils Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What is the chemical name for fats?

A

Triglyceride

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of fat?

A
  1. Saturated

2. Unsaturated

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3
Q

Which fat is bad for you?

A

Saturated

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4
Q

Which fat is good for you?

A

Unsaturated

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5
Q

What are the properties of fats?

A

Usually solid at room temperature

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6
Q

What are some examples of fats?

A
  1. Butter

2. Lard

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7
Q

What are properties of oils?

A

Usually liquid at room temperature

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8
Q

What are dome examples of oils?

A
  1. Sunflower oil
  2. Rapeseed oil
  3. Olive oil
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9
Q

What are the functions of fats?

A
  1. Provides the fat soluble vitamins
  2. Protects vital organs
  3. Make all body cells
  4. Keeps the body warm
  5. Concentrated source of energy (1g = 9kcal)
  6. Provides the essential fatty acids
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10
Q

What are the fictions of fat in food?

A
  1. Improve flavour, texture (crispy, crumbly, moist) , smell
  2. Makes food easier to swallow
  3. Takes longer to digest and slows stomach from emptying
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11
Q

What are the 2 descriptive sources of fat?

A
  1. Visible

2. Invisible

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12
Q

What is visible fat?

A

Fat the can be seen in food

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13
Q

What is invisible fat?

A

Fat that cannot be seen easily on food

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14
Q

What are some examples of visible fats?

A
  1. Fat layers on meat
  2. White marbling inside meat
  3. Butter on bread
  4. Meat, butter
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15
Q

What are some examples of invisible fats?

A
  1. Crisps
  2. Biscuits
  3. Cakes
  4. Sweets
  5. Fat droplets in emulsions
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16
Q

What does emulsions mean?

A

Emulsion= fat droplets distributed in water

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17
Q

What are the 2 types of sources of fat?

A
  1. Animal fat

2. Vegetable fat

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18
Q

What are some sources of animal fat?

A
  1. Butter, lard
  2. Meat
  3. Meat products
  4. Eggs
  5. Oily fish e.g salmon, tuna
  6. Hard cheese
  7. Chocolate
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19
Q

What are some sources of vegetable fat?

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A
  1. Seeds
  2. Vegetable/ plant oils
  3. Avocados
  4. Olives
  5. Fat spreads
  6. Nuts and nut products
20
Q

What is hydrogenation?

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A

Hydrogenation= the process where vegetable oils are ‘hardened’ to make them solid at room temperature

21
Q

What are some properties and consequences of hydrogenation?

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A
  1. Contain transfats
  2. Thought to cause heart problems
  3. Food manufactures should be reducing it n
22
Q

What is the chemical structure of saturated fats like?

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A
  1. Single bonds between all carbon atoms

2. All bond saturated (full) of carbon

23
Q

What is the chemical structure of unsaturated fats like?

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A
  1. Some hydrogen atoms missing

2. Creates an ‘unsaturated’ molecule and a double bond between 2 carbon atoms

24
Q

What are some sources of saturated fats?

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A
  1. Animal products
  2. Meat products
  3. Some vegetable and plant oils e.g palm and coconut oil
25
What are some sources of unsaturated fats?
1. Nuts and seeds 2. Sunflowers and olive oils 3. Oily fish
26
What are the effects of saturated fats on your health?
1. Linked to heart disease 2. Foods contain cholesterol 3. Leads to fatty deposits on the heart 4. Most people in the UK eat too much
27
What are the effects of unsaturated fats on your health?
1. Healthier than saturated fats 2. Lower blood cholestral 3. Reduce risk of heart disease
28
What are the 2 types of unsaturated fat?
1. Monosaturated | 2. Polyunsatuarted
29
What are monounsaturated fats?
Fats with 1 double bond
30
What are polyunsaturated fats?
Fats with 2 or more double bonds
31
What are examples of monounsaturated fats?
1. Avocados 2. Cashew nuts 3. Peanuts
32
What are examples of polyunsaturated fats?
1. Corn 2. Soya 3. Sunflower oils
33
What are essential fatty acids?
1. 2 polyunsaturated fatty acids that bare very important for your health 2. Vital for the functioning of the brain, heart and development of the nervous system
34
What are some omega 3 sources?
1. Oily fish 2. Seeds 3. Green leafy vegetables
35
What are some omega 6 sources?
1. Vegetables 2. Grains 3. Seeds
36
Why are omega 6 sources good for the economy?
They’re cheap and stable and they’re used in processed foods making deficiency rare in western diet
37
What are the functions of cholestral?
1. Needed for normal functioning of the body 2. Essential part of cell membranes 3. Helps with digestion of fats 4. Made by the body but also found in fatty foods
38
What are lipoproteins?
Proteins that carry cholestral round the body
39
What are the 2 types of lipoprotein ?
1. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) | 2. High density lipoprotein (HDL)
40
Which lipoprotein is good and which one is bad for you
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) = ‘bad’ cholesterol | High density lipoprotein (HDL) = ‘good’ cholesterol
41
What are some facts about cholesterol?
. Too much bad cholesterol and saturated fat = build up and heart disease . Good cholesterol may help against heart disease
42
What is the reference intake for fat?
1. 35% maximum of food energy 2. 11% from saturated fats 3. 1-2% from essential fatty acids 4. 22% unsaturated fats
43
What can an excess of fat lead to?
1. Raised LDL levels | 2. Increase risk of heart disease/ attack / problems / strokes
44
What is a deficiency of fat?
1. Unlikely in economically developed countries
45
What should a pie chart of the macronutrients look like?
``` 1. 50% total carbohydrates 45% from starchy carbohydrates 5% from free sugars 2. 15% total protein 3. 35% total fat 22% unsaturated fats 11% saturated fats 1-2% essential fatty acids ```
46
What is cholesterol;?
A fatty substance
47
What can to much cholesterol lead to?
More cholesterol = raised cholesterol levels

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