Fatty Acid Degradation

Question 1

Which essential FA’s cannot be synthesized by the body?

Answer 1

Linoleic acid & Alpha- linolenic acid

Question 2

18:2omega3

Answer 2

Linoleic Acid

Question 3

18:3omega3

Answer 3

alpha-linolenic acid

Question 4

20:4omega6

Answer 4

Arachidonic acid (ARA)

Question 5

20:5omega3

Answer 5

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)

Question 6

22:6omega3

Answer 6

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Question 7

16:0

Answer 7

Palmitic acid

Question 8

18:0

Answer 8

Stearic Acid

Question 9

18:1omega9

Answer 9

Oleic Acid

Question 10

Where do we store the tracylglycerol’s?

Answer 10

Lipid Droplets (AKA: fat globules, oil bodies, lipid particles, adiposomes)

Question 11

What is known as the “gate-keeper”?

Answer 11

Perilipin

Question 12

Where is Perilipin located?

Answer 12

the surface of a lipid droplet

Question 13

Where do we get the fats we require?

Answer 13

Diet, storage, synthesized from carbs in the liver, & cell organelles

Question 14

Name a few organs supplied by TAG’s

Answer 14

Liver, heart, resting skeletal muscle

Question 15

What is a mix of bile salt and TG’s?

Answer 15

Micelles

Question 16

Where are bile salts stored?

Answer 16

gallbladder

Question 17

Where and from what are bile salts produced?

Answer 17

From cholesterol in the liver

Question 18

Medium chain FA bind with what before being transported to the liver?

Answer 18

Albumin

Question 19

Another name for lipoprotein complex?

Answer 19

Chylomicron

Question 20

What is formed when LCFA are added to DAG and MAG?

Answer 20

TAG

Question 21

What are lipid-binding proteins located in the blood?

Answer 21

Apolipoproteins

Question 22

What delivers the TG to muscle and adipose tissue?

Answer 22

Chylomicrons

Question 23

ApoC-II stimulates what enzyme in order to hydrolyze the TG into a FFA’s and glycerol?

Answer 23

Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)

Question 24

What will exercise do the the skeletal muscle LPL?

Answer 24

Increase

Question 25

What will reduced activity do to LPL?

Answer 25

Decrease

Question 26

What are TG's in muscle used for?

Answer 26

Energy

Question 27

What are TG's in adipose used for?

Answer 27

Storage

Question 28

Left over TG's can be used for?

Answer 28

Energy, precursor to ketogenesis, and re-packed into VLDL

Question 29

What degrades TG's?

Answer 29

Intestinal lipases

Question 30

To get TG to DG + FFA what enzyme is added?

Answer 30

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)

Question 31

To get DG to MG + FFA what enzyme is added?

Answer 31

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)

Question 32

To get MG to Glycerol + FFA what enzyme is added?

Answer 32

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL)

Question 33

ATGL is stimulated by?

Answer 33

Glucocorticoids, epinephrine, & fasting

Question 34

ATGL is inhibited by?

Answer 34

Insulin & food intake

Question 35

What is the Key Regulatory Step for Intracellular lipolysis?

Answer 35

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)

Question 36

HSL is stimulated by?

Answer 36

Beta-adrenergic and glucagon

Question 37

HSL is inhibited by?

Answer 37

Insulin