Fatty Acids Lectue

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

Biomolecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

Question 2

Hydrolysis of lipids yields what products?

Answer 2

Glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 3

What are fatty acids?

Answer 3

Carboxylic acids with long carbon chains, usually 12-20 carbon atoms

Question 4

Where is fat stored?

Answer 4

In adipose cells (adipocytes)

Question 5

What is contained in adipose cells?

Answer 5

Large lipid droplet and flattened nucleus at edge of cell

Question 6

What is the basic function of eicosanoids?

Answer 6

Signalling

Question 7

What are compound lipids?

Answer 7

Lipids containing additional elements

Question 8

How are triglycerides made?

Answer 8

Three fatty acid chains esterify to glycerol to make fat

Question 9

What are the two types of triglyceride?

Answer 9

Homogenous or heterogenous

Question 10

Name three homogenous triglycerides?

Answer 10

Tristearin, tripalmitin, triolein

Question 11

Explain numerical formulae of fatty acids

Answer 11

Underlined = no. of carbon atoms
Bold = no. of double bonds in aliphatic chain 
Parentheses = location of double bonds

Question 12

Numerical formula of palmitic acid?

Answer 12

16:0

Question 13

Numerical formula of linoleic acid?

Answer 13

18:2(9,12)

Question 14

Numerical formula of linolenic acid?

Answer 14

18:3(9,12,15)

Question 15

Numerical formula of arachidonic acid

Answer 15

20:4(5,8,11,14)

Question 16

Name a phospholipid derived from phosphatidic acid

Answer 16

Phostphatidate

Question 17

How is lecithin formed?

Answer 17

Choline is esterified to phosphate group of phosphatidate

Question 18

How are cephalins formed?

Answer 18

Beta-ethanolamine or serine esterified to phosphate group of phosphatidate